algorithm-base/animation-simulation/数据结构和算法/快速排序.md

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2021-03-20 08:30:29 +00:00
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2021-03-20 07:58:25 +00:00
###
1.
2.
3.
![](https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/tan45du/test1@master/20210122/微信截图_20210214212239.5rco4z7idoc0.png)
[3,1,2] [7,6,5,8] 1
![](https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/tan45du/test1@master/20210122/微信截图_20210218143843.7l004l5cya00.png)
O(nlogn)
nums[hight] hight hight low
便
![](https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20210317190017344.gif)
```java
class Solution {
public int[] sortArray(int[] nums) {
quickSort(nums,0,nums.length-1);
return nums;
}
public void quickSort (int[] nums, int low, int hight) {
if (low < hight) {
int index = partition(nums,low,hight);
quickSort(nums,low,index-1);
quickSort(nums,index+1,hight);
}
}
public int partition (int[] nums, int low, int hight) {
int pivot = nums[low];
while (low < hight) {
//移动hight指针
while (low < hight && nums[hight] >= pivot) {
hight--;
}
//填坑
if (low < hight) nums[low] = nums[hight];
while (low < hight && nums[low] <= pivot) {
low++;
}
//填坑
if (low < hight) nums[hight] = nums[low];
}
//基准数放到合适的位置
nums[low] = pivot;
return low;
}
}
```
![](https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/tan45du/test1@master/20210122/微信截图_20210218153208.5wn3lgpbljg0.png)
low pivot hight pivot 使
![](https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20210317190153677.gif#pic_center)
AC
```java
class Solution {
public int[] sortArray (int[] nums) {
quickSort(nums,0,nums.length-1);
return nums;
}
public void quickSort (int[] nums, int low, int hight) {
if (low < hight) {
int index = partition(nums,low,hight);
quickSort(nums,low,index-1);
quickSort(nums,index+1,hight);
}
}
public int partition (int[] nums, int low, int hight) {
int pivot = nums[low];
int start = low;
while (low < hight) {
while (low < hight && nums[hight] >= pivot) hight--;
while (low < hight && nums[low] <= pivot) low++;
if (low >= hight) break;
swap(nums, low, hight);
}
//基准值归位
swap(nums,start,low);
return low;
}
public void swap (int[] nums, int i, int j) {
int temp = nums[i];
nums[i] = nums[j];
nums[j] = temp;
}
}
```
****
n O(nlogn)
[1,2,3,4] [4,3,2,1] n-1 退 O(n^2)
****
使O (logn), n-1 O(n).
****
![](https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/tan45du/test1@master/20210122/微信截图_20210218165440.17ovoc8246gw.png)
使 1 1
![](https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/tan45du/test1@master/20210122/微信截图_20210218170306.6oe0mbb5gr40.png)
****
```java
class Solution {
public int[] sortArray(int[] nums) {
Stack<Integer> stack = new Stack<>();
stack.push(nums.length - 1);
stack.push(0);
while (!stack.isEmpty()) {
int low = stack.pop();
int hight = stack.pop();
if (low < hight) {
int index = partition(nums, low, hight);
stack.push(index - 1);
stack.push(low);
stack.push(hight);
stack.push(index + 1);
}
}
return nums;
}
public int partition (int[] nums, int low, int hight) {
int pivot = nums[low];
int start = low;
while (low < hight) {
while (low < hight && nums[hight] >= pivot) hight--;
while (low < hight && nums[low] <= pivot) low++;
if (low >= hight) break;
swap(nums, low, hight);
}
swap(nums,start,low);
return low;
}
public void swap (int[] nums, int i, int j) {
int temp = nums[i];
nums[i] = nums[j];
nums[j] = temp;
}
}
```
****
****
nums[low]
![](https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/tan45du/test1@master/20210122/微信截图_20210218172418.338n8fxuqka0.png)
2 7 7 pivot
nums[low] 使
```java
int mid = low + ((hight-low) >> 1);
if (nums[low] > nums[hight]) swap(nums,low,hight);
if (nums[mid] > nums[hight]) swap(nums,mid,hight);
if (nums[mid] > nums[low]) swap(nums,mid,low);
```
nums[low] nums[hight], nums[mid], [4,2,3] [3,2,4]. 3
****
```java
class Solution {
public int[] sortArray(int[] nums) {
quickSort(nums,0,nums.length-1);
return nums;
}
public void quickSort (int[] nums, int low, int hight) {
if (low < hight) {
int index = partition(nums,low,hight);
quickSort(nums,low,index-1);
quickSort(nums,index+1,hight);
}
}
public int partition (int[] nums, int low, int hight) {
//三数取中,大家也可以使用其他方法
int mid = low + ((hight-low) >> 1);
if (nums[low] > nums[hight]) swap(nums,low,hight);
if (nums[mid] > nums[hight]) swap(nums,mid,hight);
if (nums[mid] > nums[low]) swap(nums,mid,low);
//下面和之前一样,仅仅是多了上面几行代码
int pivot = nums[low];
int start = low;
while (low < hight) {
while (low < hight && nums[hight] >= pivot) hight--;
while (low < hight && nums[low] <= pivot) low++;
if (low >= hight) break;
swap(nums, low, hight);
}
swap(nums,start,low);
return low;
}
public void swap (int[] nums, int i, int j) {
int temp = nums[i];
nums[i] = nums[j];
nums[j] = temp;
}
}
```
**使**
使使 7
**+**
```java
class Solution {
private static final int INSERTION_SORT_MAX_LENGTH = 7;
public int[] sortArray(int[] nums) {
quickSort(nums,0,nums.length-1);
return nums;
}
public void quickSort (int[] nums, int low, int hight) {
if (hight - low <= INSERTION_SORT_MAX_LENGTH) {
insertSort(nums,low,hight);
return;
}
int index = partition(nums,low,hight);
quickSort(nums,low,index-1);
quickSort(nums,index+1,hight);
}
public int partition (int[] nums, int low, int hight) {
//三数取中,大家也可以使用其他方法
int mid = low + ((hight-low) >> 1);
if (nums[low] > nums[hight]) swap(nums,low,hight);
if (nums[mid] > nums[hight]) swap(nums,mid,hight);
if (nums[mid] > nums[low]) swap(nums,mid,low);
int pivot = nums[low];
int start = low;
while (low < hight) {
while (low < hight && nums[hight] >= pivot) hight--;
while (low < hight && nums[low] <= pivot) low++;
if (low >= hight) break;
swap(nums, low, hight);
}
swap(nums,start,low);
return low;
}
public void insertSort (int[] nums, int low, int hight) {
for (int i = low+1; i <= hight; ++i) {
int temp = nums[i];
int j;
for (j = i-1; j >= 0; --j) {
if (temp < nums[j]) {
nums[j+1] = nums[j];
continue;
}
break;
}
nums[j+1] = temp;
}
}
public void swap (int[] nums, int i, int j) {
int temp = nums[i];
nums[i] = nums[j];
nums[j] = temp;
}
}
```
![](https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/tan45du/test1@master/20210122/微信截图_20210220134731.3i6nhxhivo80.png)
[2,3,6,3,1,6] [8,6]
![](https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/tan45du/test1@master/20210122/微信截图_20210220134928.1sx24i3fkc8w.png)
![](https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20210317190456320.gif#pic_center)
i pivot right right pivot right-- nums[i] i nums[i] < pivot left left povit left++,i++, nums[i] == pivot i++
**++**
```java
class Solution {
private static final int INSERTION_SORT_MAX_LENGTH = 7;
public int[] sortArray(int[] nums) {
quickSort(nums,0,nums.length-1);
return nums;
}
public void quickSort(int nums[], int low, int hight) {
//插入排序
if (hight - low <= INSERTION_SORT_MAX_LENGTH) {
insertSort(nums,low,hight);
return;
}
//三数取中
int mid = low + ((hight-low) >> 1);
if (nums[low] > nums[hight]) swap(nums,low,hight);
if (nums[mid] > nums[hight]) swap(nums,mid,hight);
if (nums[mid] > nums[low]) swap(nums,mid,low);
//三向切分
int left = low, i = low + 1, right = hight;
int pvoit = nums[low];
while (i <= right) {
if (pvoit < nums[i]) {
swap(nums,i,right);
right--;
} else if (pvoit == nums[i]) {
i++;
} else {
swap(nums,left,i);
left++;
i++;
}
}
quickSort(nums,low,left-1);
quickSort(nums,right+1,hight);
}
public void insertSort (int[] nums, int low, int hight) {
for (int i = low+1; i <= hight; ++i) {
int temp = nums[i];
int j;
for (j = i-1; j >= 0; --j) {
if (temp < nums[j]) {
nums[j+1] = nums[j];
continue;
}
break;
}
nums[j+1] = temp;
}
}
public void swap (int[] nums, int i, int j) {
int temp = nums[i];
nums[i] = nums[j];
nums[j] = temp;
}
}
```