diff --git a/SUMMARY.md b/SUMMARY.md index 57a6da5..9ec42c7 100644 --- a/SUMMARY.md +++ b/SUMMARY.md @@ -14,6 +14,7 @@ * [Ubuntu](install/ubuntu.md) * [Debian](install/debian.md) * [CentOS](install/centos.md) + * [Raspberry Pi](install/raspberry-pi.md) * [macOS](install/mac.md) * [Windows PC](install/windows.md) * [镜像加速器](install/mirror.md) diff --git a/install/centos.md b/install/centos.md index 533c794..c361392 100644 --- a/install/centos.md +++ b/install/centos.md @@ -102,6 +102,41 @@ $ sudo groupadd docker $ sudo usermod -aG docker $USER ``` +### 测试 Docker 是否安装正确 + +```bash +$ docker run hello-world + +Unable to find image 'hello-world:latest' locally +latest: Pulling from library/hello-world +ca4f61b1923c: Pull complete +Digest: sha256:be0cd392e45be79ffeffa6b05338b98ebb16c87b255f48e297ec7f98e123905c +Status: Downloaded newer image for hello-world:latest + +Hello from Docker! +This message shows that your installation appears to be working correctly. + +To generate this message, Docker took the following steps: + 1. The Docker client contacted the Docker daemon. + 2. The Docker daemon pulled the "hello-world" image from the Docker Hub. + (amd64) + 3. The Docker daemon created a new container from that image which runs the + executable that produces the output you are currently reading. + 4. The Docker daemon streamed that output to the Docker client, which sent it + to your terminal. + +To try something more ambitious, you can run an Ubuntu container with: + $ docker run -it ubuntu bash + +Share images, automate workflows, and more with a free Docker ID: + https://cloud.docker.com/ + +For more examples and ideas, visit: + https://docs.docker.com/engine/userguide/ +``` + +若能正常输出以上信息，则说明安装成功。 + ### 镜像加速 鉴于国内网络问题，后续拉取 Docker 镜像十分缓慢，强烈建议安装 Docker 之后配置 [国内镜像加速](mirror.md)。 @@ -133,4 +168,3 @@ $ sudo sysctl -p ### 参考文档 * [Docker 官方 CentOS 安装文档](https://docs.docker.com/engine/installation/linux/docker-ce/centos/)。 -* [阿里云 Docker CE 安装镜像帮助](https://yq.aliyun.com/articles/110806) diff --git a/install/debian.md b/install/debian.md index 1e50fff..41d6044 100644 --- a/install/debian.md +++ b/install/debian.md @@ -10,9 +10,6 @@ Docker CE 支持以下版本的 [Debian](https://www.debian.org/intro/about) 操 * Jessie 8 (LTS) * Wheezy 7.7 (LTS) -Docker CE 可以安装在 64 位的 x86 平台或 ARM 平台上（如[树莓派](https://www.raspberrypi.org/)）。 - - #### 卸载旧版本 旧版本的 Docker 称为 `docker` 或者 `docker-engine`，使用以下命令卸载旧版本： @@ -120,19 +117,6 @@ $ sudo sh get-docker.sh --mirror Aliyun 执行这个命令后，脚本就会自动的将一切准备工作做好，并且把 Docker CE 的 edge 版本安装在系统中。 -### 树莓派安装 Docker CE - -基本和上述步骤相同，添加 apt 源时请使用如下命令： - -```bash -$ sudo add-apt-repository \ - "deb [arch=armhf] https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/docker-ce/linux/raspbian \ - $(lsb_release -cs) \ - stable" -``` - -ARM 平台不能使用 x86 镜像，查看树莓派可使用镜像请访问 [arm32v7](https://hub.docker.com/u/arm32v7/)。 - ### 启动 Docker CE ```bash @@ -162,6 +146,41 @@ $ sudo groupadd docker $ sudo usermod -aG docker $USER ``` +### 测试 Docker 是否安装正确 + +```bash +$ docker run hello-world + +Unable to find image 'hello-world:latest' locally +latest: Pulling from library/hello-world +ca4f61b1923c: Pull complete +Digest: sha256:be0cd392e45be79ffeffa6b05338b98ebb16c87b255f48e297ec7f98e123905c +Status: Downloaded newer image for hello-world:latest + +Hello from Docker! +This message shows that your installation appears to be working correctly. + +To generate this message, Docker took the following steps: + 1. The Docker client contacted the Docker daemon. + 2. The Docker daemon pulled the "hello-world" image from the Docker Hub. + (amd64) + 3. The Docker daemon created a new container from that image which runs the + executable that produces the output you are currently reading. + 4. The Docker daemon streamed that output to the Docker client, which sent it + to your terminal. + +To try something more ambitious, you can run an Ubuntu container with: + $ docker run -it ubuntu bash + +Share images, automate workflows, and more with a free Docker ID: + https://cloud.docker.com/ + +For more examples and ideas, visit: + https://docs.docker.com/engine/userguide/ +``` + +若能正常输出以上信息，则说明安装成功。 + ### 镜像加速 鉴于国内网络问题，后续拉取 Docker 镜像十分缓慢，强烈建议安装 Docker 之后配置 [国内镜像加速](mirror.md)。 @@ -169,4 +188,3 @@ $ sudo usermod -aG docker $USER ### 参考文档 * [Docker 官方 Debian 安装文档](https://docs.docker.com/engine/installation/linux/docker-ce/debian/) -* [阿里云 Docker CE 安装镜像帮助](https://yq.aliyun.com/articles/110806) diff --git a/install/raspberry-pi.md b/install/raspberry-pi.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..04543b1 --- /dev/null +++ b/install/raspberry-pi.md @@ -0,0 +1,146 @@ +## 树莓派卡片电脑安装 Docker CE + +### 系统要求 + +Docker CE 不仅支持 `x86_64` 架构的计算机，同时也支持 `ARM` 架构的计算机，本小节内容以树莓派单片电脑为例讲解 `ARM` 架构安装 Docker CE。 + +Docker CE 支持以下版本的 [Raspbian](https://www.raspberrypi.org/downloads/raspbian/) 操作系统： + +* Raspbian Stretch + +* Raspbian Jessie + +*注：* `Raspbian` 是树莓派基金会为树莓派卡片电脑设计的 Linux 发行版，其基于 Debian。 + +### 使用 APT 镜像源 安装 + +由于官方源使用 HTTPS 以确保软件下载过程中不被篡改。因此，我们首先需要添加使用 HTTPS 传输的软件包以及 CA 证书。 + +```bash +$ sudo apt-get update + +$ sudo apt-get install \ + apt-transport-https \ + ca-certificates \ + curl \ + gnupg2 \ + lsb-release \ + software-properties-common +``` + +鉴于国内网络问题，强烈建议使用国内源，下面先介绍国内源的使用。 + +#### 国内源 + +为了确认所下载软件包的合法性，需要添加软件源的 GPG 密钥。 + +```bash +$ curl -fsSL https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/docker-ce/linux/raspbian/gpg | sudo apt-key add - +``` + +然后，我们需要向 `source.list` 中添加 Docker CE 软件源： + +```bash +$ sudo add-apt-repository \ + "deb [arch=armhf] https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/docker-ce/linux/raspbian \ + $(lsb_release -cs) \ + stable" +``` + +>以上命令会添加稳定版本的 Docker CE APT 镜像源，如果需要最新版本的 Docker CE 请将 stable 改为 edge 或者 test。从 Docker 17.06 开始，edge test 版本的 APT 镜像源也会包含稳定版本的 Docker CE。 + +#### 官方源 + +```bash +$ curl -fsSL https://download.docker.com/linux/raspbian/gpg | sudo apt-key add - + +$ sudo add-apt-repository \ + "deb [arch=armhf] https://download.docker.com/linux/raspbian \ + $(lsb_release -cs) \ + stable" +``` + +#### 安装 Docker CE + +更新 apt 软件包缓存，并安装 `docker-ce`。 + +```bash +$ sudo apt-get update + +$ sudo apt-get install docker-ce +``` + +### 使用脚本自动安装 + +在测试或开发环境中 Docker 官方为了简化安装流程，提供了一套便捷的安装脚本，Raspbian 系统上可以使用这套脚本安装： + +```bash +$ curl -fsSL get.docker.com -o get-docker.sh +$ sudo sh get-docker.sh --mirror Aliyun +``` + +执行这个命令后，脚本就会自动的将一切准备工作做好，并且把 Docker CE 的 edge 版本安装在系统中。 + +### 启动 Docker CE + +```bash +$ sudo systemctl enable docker +$ sudo systemctl start docker +``` + +### 建立 docker 用户组 + +默认情况下，`docker` 命令会使用 [Unix socket](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unix_domain_socket) 与 Docker 引擎通讯。而只有 `root` 用户和 `docker` 组的用户才可以访问 Docker 引擎的 Unix socket。出于安全考虑，一般 Linux 系统上不会直接使用 `root` 用户。因此，更好地做法是将需要使用 `docker` 的用户加入 `docker` 用户组。 + +建立 `docker` 组： + +```bash +$ sudo groupadd docker +``` + +将当前用户加入 `docker` 组： + +```bash +$ sudo usermod -aG docker $USER +``` + +### 测试 Docker 是否安装正确 + +```bash +$ docker run arm32v7/hello-world + +Unable to find image 'hello-world:latest' locally +latest: Pulling from library/hello-world +ca4f61b1923c: Pull complete +Digest: sha256:be0cd392e45be79ffeffa6b05338b98ebb16c87b255f48e297ec7f98e123905c +Status: Downloaded newer image for hello-world:latest + +Hello from Docker! +This message shows that your installation appears to be working correctly. + +To generate this message, Docker took the following steps: + 1. The Docker client contacted the Docker daemon. + 2. The Docker daemon pulled the "hello-world" image from the Docker Hub. + (amd64) + 3. The Docker daemon created a new container from that image which runs the + executable that produces the output you are currently reading. + 4. The Docker daemon streamed that output to the Docker client, which sent it + to your terminal. + +To try something more ambitious, you can run an Ubuntu container with: + $ docker run -it ubuntu bash + +Share images, automate workflows, and more with a free Docker ID: + https://cloud.docker.com/ + +For more examples and ideas, visit: + https://docs.docker.com/engine/userguide/ +``` + +若能正常输出以上信息，则说明安装成功。 + +*注意：* ARM 平台不能使用 `x86` 镜像，查看 Raspbian 可使用镜像请访问 [arm32v7](https://hub.docker.com/u/arm32v7/)。 + +### 镜像加速 + +鉴于国内网络问题，后续拉取 Docker 镜像十分缓慢，强烈建议安装 Docker 之后配置 [国内镜像加速](mirror.md)。 diff --git a/install/ubuntu.md b/install/ubuntu.md index 81dd517..7b8753b 100644 --- a/install/ubuntu.md +++ b/install/ubuntu.md @@ -134,6 +134,41 @@ $ sudo groupadd docker $ sudo usermod -aG docker $USER ``` +### 测试 Docker 是否安装正确 + +```bash +$ docker run hello-world + +Unable to find image 'hello-world:latest' locally +latest: Pulling from library/hello-world +ca4f61b1923c: Pull complete +Digest: sha256:be0cd392e45be79ffeffa6b05338b98ebb16c87b255f48e297ec7f98e123905c +Status: Downloaded newer image for hello-world:latest + +Hello from Docker! +This message shows that your installation appears to be working correctly. + +To generate this message, Docker took the following steps: + 1. The Docker client contacted the Docker daemon. + 2. The Docker daemon pulled the "hello-world" image from the Docker Hub. + (amd64) + 3. The Docker daemon created a new container from that image which runs the + executable that produces the output you are currently reading. + 4. The Docker daemon streamed that output to the Docker client, which sent it + to your terminal. + +To try something more ambitious, you can run an Ubuntu container with: + $ docker run -it ubuntu bash + +Share images, automate workflows, and more with a free Docker ID: + https://cloud.docker.com/ + +For more examples and ideas, visit: + https://docs.docker.com/engine/userguide/ +``` + +若能正常输出以上信息，则说明安装成功。 + ### 镜像加速 鉴于国内网络问题，后续拉取 Docker 镜像十分缓慢，强烈建议安装 Docker 之后配置 [国内镜像加速](mirror.md)。 @@ -141,4 +176,3 @@ $ sudo usermod -aG docker $USER ### 参考文档 * [Docker 官方 Ubuntu 安装文档](https://docs.docker.com/engine/installation/linux/docker-ce/ubuntu/) -* [阿里云 Docker CE 安装镜像帮助](https://yq.aliyun.com/articles/110806)