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< div class = "book" data-level = "0" data-chapter-title = "前言" data-filepath = "preface.md" data-basepath = "." data-revision = "Mon Dec 28 2015 16:03:52 GMT+0800 (中国标准时间)" >
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前言
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< b > 0.1.< / b >
Go語言起源
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< b > 0.2.< / b >
Go語言項目
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< b > 0.3.< / b >
本書的組織
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更多的信息
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< b > 0.5.< / b >
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致謝
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< b > 1.< / b >
入門
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< b > 1.1.< / b >
Hello, World
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< b > 1.2.< / b >
命令行參數
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< b > 1.3.< / b >
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査找重複的行
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< b > 1.4.< / b >
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GIF動畵
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< b > 1.5.< / b >
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獲取URL
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< b > 1.6.< / b >
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併發獲取多個URL
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< b > 1.7.< / b >
Web服務
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< b > 1.8.< / b >
本章要點
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< b > 2.< / b >
程序結構
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< b > 2.1.< / b >
命名
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< b > 2.2.< / b >
聲明
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< b > 2.3.< / b >
變量
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< b > 2.4.< / b >
賦值
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< b > 2.5.< / b >
類型
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< b > 2.6.< / b >
包和文件
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< b > 2.7.< / b >
作用域
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< b > 3.< / b >
基礎數據類型
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< b > 3.1.< / b >
整型
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< b > 3.2.< / b >
浮點數
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< b > 3.3.< / b >
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複數
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< b > 3.4.< / b >
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布爾型
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< b > 3.5.< / b >
字符串
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< b > 3.6.< / b >
常量
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< b > 4.< / b >
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複合數據類型
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< b > 4.1.< / b >
數組
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< b > 4.2.< / b >
切片
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< b > 4.3.< / b >
字典
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< b > 4.4.< / b >
結構體
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< b > 4.5.< / b >
JSON
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< b > 4.6.< / b >
文本和HTML模闆
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< b > 5.< / b >
函數
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< b > 5.1.< / b >
函數聲明
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< b > 5.2.< / b >
遞歸
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< b > 5.3.< / b >
多返迴值
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< b > 5.4.< / b >
錯誤
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< b > 5.5.< / b >
函數值
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< b > 5.6.< / b >
匿名函數
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< b > 5.7.< / b >
可變參數
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< b > 5.8.< / b >
Deferred函數
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< b > 5.9.< / b >
Panic異常
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< b > 5.10.< / b >
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Recover捕獲異常
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< b > 6.< / b >
方法
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< b > 6.1.< / b >
方法聲明
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< b > 6.2.< / b >
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基於指針對象的方法
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.3" data-path = "ch6/ch6-03.html" >
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< b > 6.3.< / b >
通過嵌入結構體來擴展類型
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< b > 6.4.< / b >
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方法值和方法表達式
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< b > 6.5.< / b >
示例: Bit數組
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< b > 6.6.< / b >
封裝
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< b > 7.< / b >
接口
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< b > 7.1.< / b >
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接口是合約
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< b > 7.2.< / b >
接口類型
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< b > 7.3.< / b >
實現接口的條件
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< b > 7.4.< / b >
flag.Value接口
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< b > 7.5.< / b >
接口值
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< b > 7.6.< / b >
sort.Interface接口
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< b > 7.7.< / b >
http.Handler接口
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< b > 7.8.< / b >
error接口
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< b > 7.9.< / b >
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示例: 表達式求值
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< b > 7.10.< / b >
類型斷言
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< b > 7.11.< / b >
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基於類型斷言識别錯誤類型
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< b > 7.12.< / b >
通過類型斷言査詢接口
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< b > 7.13.< / b >
類型分支
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< b > 7.14.< / b >
示例: 基於標記的XML解碼
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< a href = "./ch7/ch7-15.html" >
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< b > 7.15.< / b >
補充幾點
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< a href = "./ch8/ch8.html" >
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< b > 8.< / b >
Goroutines和Channels
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< b > 8.1.< / b >
Goroutines
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< a href = "./ch8/ch8-02.html" >
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< b > 8.2.< / b >
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示例: 併發的Clock服務
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< / a >
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< a href = "./ch8/ch8-03.html" >
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< b > 8.3.< / b >
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示例: 併發的Echo服務
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< / a >
< / li >
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< a href = "./ch8/ch8-04.html" >
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< b > 8.4.< / b >
Channels
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< a href = "./ch8/ch8-05.html" >
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< b > 8.5.< / b >
併行的循環
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< a href = "./ch8/ch8-06.html" >
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< b > 8.6.< / b >
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示例: 併發的Web爬蟲
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< / a >
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< a href = "./ch8/ch8-07.html" >
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< b > 8.7.< / b >
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基於select的多路複用
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< / a >
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< a href = "./ch8/ch8-08.html" >
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< b > 8.8.< / b >
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示例: 併發的字典遍歷
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< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "8.9" data-path = "ch8/ch8-09.html" >
< a href = "./ch8/ch8-09.html" >
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< b > 8.9.< / b >
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併發的退出
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< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "8.10" data-path = "ch8/ch8-10.html" >
< a href = "./ch8/ch8-10.html" >
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< b > 8.10.< / b >
示例: 聊天服務
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< a href = "./ch9/ch9.html" >
< i class = "fa fa-check" > < / i >
< b > 9.< / b >
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基於共享變量的併發
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< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "9.1" data-path = "ch9/ch9-01.html" >
< a href = "./ch9/ch9-01.html" >
< i class = "fa fa-check" > < / i >
< b > 9.1.< / b >
競爭條件
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< / li >
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< a href = "./ch9/ch9-02.html" >
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< b > 9.2.< / b >
sync.Mutex互斥鎖
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< a href = "./ch9/ch9-03.html" >
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< b > 9.3.< / b >
sync.RWMutex讀寫鎖
< / a >
< / li >
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< a href = "./ch9/ch9-04.html" >
< i class = "fa fa-check" > < / i >
< b > 9.4.< / b >
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內存同步
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< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "9.5" data-path = "ch9/ch9-05.html" >
< a href = "./ch9/ch9-05.html" >
< i class = "fa fa-check" > < / i >
< b > 9.5.< / b >
sync.Once初始化
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "9.6" data-path = "ch9/ch9-06.html" >
< a href = "./ch9/ch9-06.html" >
< i class = "fa fa-check" > < / i >
< b > 9.6.< / b >
競爭條件檢測
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "9.7" data-path = "ch9/ch9-07.html" >
< a href = "./ch9/ch9-07.html" >
< i class = "fa fa-check" > < / i >
< b > 9.7.< / b >
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示例: 併發的非阻塞緩存
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< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "9.8" data-path = "ch9/ch9-08.html" >
< a href = "./ch9/ch9-08.html" >
< i class = "fa fa-check" > < / i >
< b > 9.8.< / b >
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Goroutines和線程
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< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "10" data-path = "ch10/ch10.html" >
< a href = "./ch10/ch10.html" >
< i class = "fa fa-check" > < / i >
< b > 10.< / b >
包和工具
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "10.1" data-path = "ch10/ch10-01.html" >
< a href = "./ch10/ch10-01.html" >
< i class = "fa fa-check" > < / i >
< b > 10.1.< / b >
簡介
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "10.2" data-path = "ch10/ch10-02.html" >
< a href = "./ch10/ch10-02.html" >
< i class = "fa fa-check" > < / i >
< b > 10.2.< / b >
導入路徑
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "10.3" data-path = "ch10/ch10-03.html" >
< a href = "./ch10/ch10-03.html" >
< i class = "fa fa-check" > < / i >
< b > 10.3.< / b >
包聲明
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "10.4" data-path = "ch10/ch10-04.html" >
< a href = "./ch10/ch10-04.html" >
< i class = "fa fa-check" > < / i >
< b > 10.4.< / b >
導入聲明
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "10.5" data-path = "ch10/ch10-05.html" >
< a href = "./ch10/ch10-05.html" >
< i class = "fa fa-check" > < / i >
< b > 10.5.< / b >
匿名導入
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "10.6" data-path = "ch10/ch10-06.html" >
< a href = "./ch10/ch10-06.html" >
< i class = "fa fa-check" > < / i >
< b > 10.6.< / b >
包和命名
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "10.7" data-path = "ch10/ch10-07.html" >
< a href = "./ch10/ch10-07.html" >
< i class = "fa fa-check" > < / i >
< b > 10.7.< / b >
工具
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "11" data-path = "ch11/ch11.html" >
< a href = "./ch11/ch11.html" >
< i class = "fa fa-check" > < / i >
< b > 11.< / b >
測試
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "11.1" data-path = "ch11/ch11-01.html" >
< a href = "./ch11/ch11-01.html" >
< i class = "fa fa-check" > < / i >
< b > 11.1.< / b >
go test
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "11.2" data-path = "ch11/ch11-02.html" >
< a href = "./ch11/ch11-02.html" >
< i class = "fa fa-check" > < / i >
< b > 11.2.< / b >
測試函數
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "11.3" data-path = "ch11/ch11-03.html" >
< a href = "./ch11/ch11-03.html" >
< i class = "fa fa-check" > < / i >
< b > 11.3.< / b >
測試覆蓋率
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "11.4" data-path = "ch11/ch11-04.html" >
< a href = "./ch11/ch11-04.html" >
< i class = "fa fa-check" > < / i >
< b > 11.4.< / b >
基準測試
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "11.5" data-path = "ch11/ch11-05.html" >
< a href = "./ch11/ch11-05.html" >
< i class = "fa fa-check" > < / i >
< b > 11.5.< / b >
剖析
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "11.6" data-path = "ch11/ch11-06.html" >
< a href = "./ch11/ch11-06.html" >
< i class = "fa fa-check" > < / i >
< b > 11.6.< / b >
示例函數
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "12" data-path = "ch12/ch12.html" >
< a href = "./ch12/ch12.html" >
< i class = "fa fa-check" > < / i >
< b > 12.< / b >
反射
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "12.1" data-path = "ch12/ch12-01.html" >
< a href = "./ch12/ch12-01.html" >
< i class = "fa fa-check" > < / i >
< b > 12.1.< / b >
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爲何需要反射?
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< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "12.2" data-path = "ch12/ch12-02.html" >
< a href = "./ch12/ch12-02.html" >
< i class = "fa fa-check" > < / i >
< b > 12.2.< / b >
reflect.Type和reflect.Value
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "12.3" data-path = "ch12/ch12-03.html" >
< a href = "./ch12/ch12-03.html" >
< i class = "fa fa-check" > < / i >
< b > 12.3.< / b >
Display遞歸打印
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "12.4" data-path = "ch12/ch12-04.html" >
< a href = "./ch12/ch12-04.html" >
< i class = "fa fa-check" > < / i >
< b > 12.4.< / b >
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示例: 編碼S表達式
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< / a >
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "12.5" data-path = "ch12/ch12-05.html" >
< a href = "./ch12/ch12-05.html" >
< i class = "fa fa-check" > < / i >
< b > 12.5.< / b >
通過reflect.Value脩改值
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "12.6" data-path = "ch12/ch12-06.html" >
< a href = "./ch12/ch12-06.html" >
< i class = "fa fa-check" > < / i >
< b > 12.6.< / b >
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示例: 解碼S表達式
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< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "12.7" data-path = "ch12/ch12-07.html" >
< a href = "./ch12/ch12-07.html" >
< i class = "fa fa-check" > < / i >
< b > 12.7.< / b >
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獲取結構體字段標識
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< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "12.8" data-path = "ch12/ch12-08.html" >
< a href = "./ch12/ch12-08.html" >
< i class = "fa fa-check" > < / i >
< b > 12.8.< / b >
顯示一個類型的方法集
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "12.9" data-path = "ch12/ch12-09.html" >
< a href = "./ch12/ch12-09.html" >
< i class = "fa fa-check" > < / i >
< b > 12.9.< / b >
幾點忠告
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "13" data-path = "ch13/ch13.html" >
< a href = "./ch13/ch13.html" >
< i class = "fa fa-check" > < / i >
< b > 13.< / b >
底層編程
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "13.1" data-path = "ch13/ch13-01.html" >
< a href = "./ch13/ch13-01.html" >
< i class = "fa fa-check" > < / i >
< b > 13.1.< / b >
unsafe.Sizeof, Alignof 和 Offsetof
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "13.2" data-path = "ch13/ch13-02.html" >
< a href = "./ch13/ch13-02.html" >
< i class = "fa fa-check" > < / i >
< b > 13.2.< / b >
unsafe.Pointer
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "13.3" data-path = "ch13/ch13-03.html" >
< a href = "./ch13/ch13-03.html" >
< i class = "fa fa-check" > < / i >
< b > 13.3.< / b >
示例: 深度相等判斷
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "13.4" data-path = "ch13/ch13-04.html" >
< a href = "./ch13/ch13-04.html" >
< i class = "fa fa-check" > < / i >
< b > 13.4.< / b >
通過cgo調用C代碼
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "13.5" data-path = "ch13/ch13-05.html" >
< a href = "./ch13/ch13-05.html" >
< i class = "fa fa-check" > < / i >
< b > 13.5.< / b >
幾點忠告
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "14" data-path = "CONTRIBUTORS.html" >
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< a href = "./CONTRIBUTORS.html" >
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< i class = "fa fa-check" > < / i >
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< b > 14.< / b >
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附録
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< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "divider" > < / li >
< li >
< a href = "https://www.gitbook.com" target = "blank" class = "gitbook-link" >
本書使用 GitBook 釋出
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / nav >
< / div >
< div class = "book-body" >
< div class = "body-inner" >
< div class = "book-header" role = "navigation" >
<!-- Actions Left -->
<!-- Title -->
< h1 >
< i class = "fa fa-circle-o-notch fa-spin" > < / i >
< a href = "./" > Go编程语言< / a >
< / h1 >
< / div >
< div class = "page-wrapper" tabindex = "-1" role = "main" >
< div class = "page-inner" >
< section class = "normal" id = "section-" >
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< h1 id = "go語言聖經（中文版）" > Go語 言 聖 經 （ 中 文 版 ） < / h1 >
< p > Go語 言 聖 經 < a href = "http://gopl.io" target = "_blank" > 《 The Go Programming Language》 < / a > 中 文 版 本 ， 僅 供 編 程 和 英 語 學 習 交 流 之 用 ， 請 在 下 載 後 24小 時 內 刪 除 。 < / p >
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< ul >
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< li > 項 目 主 頁 ： < a href = "http://github.com/golang-china/gopl-zh" target = "_blank" > http://github.com/golang-china/gopl-zh< / a > < / li >
< li > 項 目 進 度 ： < a href = "http://github.com/golang-china/gopl-zh/blob/master/progress.md" target = "_blank" > http://github.com/golang-china/gopl-zh/blob/master/progress.md< / a > < / li >
< li > 參 與 人 員 ： < a href = "http://github.com/golang-china/gopl-zh/blob/master/CONTRIBUTORS.md" target = "_blank" > http://github.com/golang-china/gopl-zh/blob/master/CONTRIBUTORS.md< / a > < / li >
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< li > 離 線 版 本 ： < a href = "http://github.com/golang-china/gopl-zh/archive/gh-pages.zip" target = "_blank" > http://github.com/golang-china/gopl-zh/archive/gh-pages.zip< / a > < / li >
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< li > 在 線 預 覽 ： < a href = "http://golang-china.github.io/gopl-zh" target = "_blank" > http://golang-china.github.io/gopl-zh< / a > < / li >
< li > 原 版 官 網 ： < a href = "http://gopl.io" target = "_blank" > http://gopl.io< / a > < / li >
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< / ul >
< p > < a href = "https://github.com/golang-china/gopl-zh" target = "_blank" > < img src = "cover_small.jpg" alt = "" > < / a > < / p >
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< p > < strong > 版 權 聲 明 ： < / strong > < a rel = "license" href = "http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/" target = "_blank" > Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License< / a > 。 < / p >
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< p > < a rel = "license" href = "http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/" target = "_blank" > < img alt = "Creative Commons License" style = "border-width:0" src = "images/by-nc-sa-4.0-88x31.png" > < / a > < / p >
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< p > 嚴 禁 任 何 商 業 行 爲 使 用 或 引 用 該 文 檔 的 全 部 或 部 分 內 容 !< / p >
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< p > 歡 迎 大 家 提 供 建 議 !< / p >
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< h1 id = "前言" > 前 言 < / h1 >
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< p > < em > “ Go是 一 個 開 源 的 編 程 語 言 ， 它 很 容 易 用 於 構 建 簡 單 、 可 靠 和 高 效 的 軟 件 。 ” （ 摘 自 Go語 言 官 方 網 站 ： < a href = "http://golang.org" target = "_blank" > http://golang.org< / a > ） < / em > < / p >
< p > Go語 言 由 來 自 Google公 司 的 Robert Griesemer， Rob Pike和 Ken Thompson三 位 大 牛 於 2007年 9月 開 始 設 計 和 實 現 ， 然 後 於 2009年 的 11月 對 外 正 式 發 布 （ 譯 註 ： 關 於 Go語 言 的 創 世 紀 過 程 請 參 考 < a href = "http://talks.golang.org/2015/how-go-was-made.slide" target = "_blank" > http://talks.golang.org/2015/how-go-was-made.slide< / a > ） 。 語 言 及 其 配 套 工 具 的 設 計 目 標 是 具 有 表 達 力 ， 高 效 的 編 譯 和 執 行 效 率 ， 有 效 地 編 寫 高 效 和 健 壯 的 程 序 。 < / p >
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< p > Go語 言 有 着 和 C語 言 類 似 的 語 法 外 表 ， 和 C語 言 一 樣 是 專 業 程 序 員 的 必 備 工 具 ， 可 以 用 最 小 的 代 價 獲 得 最 大 的 戰 果 。
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但 是 它 不 僅 僅 是 一 個 更 新 的 C語 言 。 它 還 從 其 他 語 言 借 鑒 了 很 多 好 的 想 法 ， 同 時 避 免 引 入 過 度 的 複 雜 性 。
Go語 言 中 和 併 發 編 程 相 關 的 特 性 是 全 新 的 也 是 有 效 的 ， 同 時 對 數 據 抽 象 和 面 向 對 象 編 程 的 支 持 也 很 靈 活 。
Go語 言 同 時 還 集 成 了 自 動 垃 圾 收 集 技 術 用 於 更 好 地 管 理 內 存 。 < / p >
< p > Go語 言 尤 其 適 合 編 寫 網 絡 服 務 相 關 基 礎 設 施 ， 同 時 也 適 合 開 發 一 些 工 具 軟 件 和 繫 統 軟 件 。
但 是 Go語 言 確 實 是 一 個 通 用 的 編 程 語 言 ， 它 也 可 以 用 在 圖 形 圖 像 驅 動 編 程 、 移 動 應 用 程 序 開 發
和 機 器 學 習 等 諸 多 領 域 。 目 前 Go語 言 已 經 成 爲 受 歡 迎 的 作 爲 無 類 型 的 腳 本 語 言 的 替 代 者 ：
因 爲 Go編 寫 的 程 序 通 常 比 腳 本 語 言 運 行 的 更 快 也 更 安 全 ， 而 且 很 少 會 發 生 意 外 的 類 型 錯 誤 。 < / p >
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< p > Go語 言 還 是 一 個 開 源 的 項 目 ， 可 以 免 費 獲 編 譯 器 、 庫 、 配 套 工 具 的 源 代 碼 。
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Go語 言 的 貢 獻 者 來 自 一 個 活 躍 的 全 球 社 區 。 Go語 言 可 以 運 行 在 類 UNIX繫 統 — —
比 如 Linux、 FreeBSD、 OpenBSD、 Mac OSX— — 和 Plan9繫 統 和 Microsoft Windows操 作 繫 統 之 上 。
Go語 言 編 寫 的 程 序 無 需 脩 改 就 可 以 運 行 在 上 面 這 些 環 境 。 < / p >
< p > 本 書 是 爲 了 幫 助 你 開 始 以 有 效 的 方 式 使 用 Go語 言 ， 充 分 利 用 語 言 本 身 的 特 性 和 自 帶 的 標 準 庫 去 編 寫 清 晰 地 道 的 Go程 序 。 < / p >
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