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<div class="book" data-level="6.1" data-chapter-title="方法聲明" data-filepath="ch6/ch6-01.md" data-basepath=".." data-revision="Mon Dec 21 2015 12:51:02 GMT+0800 (中国标准时间)">
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<div class="book-summary">
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前言
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<li class="chapter " data-level="0.1" data-path="ch0/ch0-01.html">
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<b>0.1.</b>
Go語言起源
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<li class="chapter " data-level="0.2" data-path="ch0/ch0-02.html">
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<b>0.2.</b>
Go語言項目
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<b>0.3.</b>
本書的組織
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<b>0.4.</b>
更多的信息
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<b>0.5.</b>
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致謝
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</ul>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1" data-path="ch1/ch1.html">
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<b>1.</b>
入門
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<b>1.1.</b>
Hello, World
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<b>1.2.</b>
命令行參數
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<b>1.3.</b>
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査找重複的行
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</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4" data-path="ch1/ch1-04.html">
<a href="../ch1/ch1-04.html">
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<b>1.4.</b>
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GIF動畵
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</a>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.5" data-path="ch1/ch1-05.html">
<a href="../ch1/ch1-05.html">
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<b>1.5.</b>
穫取URL
</a>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.6" data-path="ch1/ch1-06.html">
<a href="../ch1/ch1-06.html">
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<b>1.6.</b>
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併發穫取多個URL
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</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.7" data-path="ch1/ch1-07.html">
<a href="../ch1/ch1-07.html">
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<b>1.7.</b>
Web服務
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<a href="../ch1/ch1-08.html">
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<b>1.8.</b>
本章要點
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</ul>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="2" data-path="ch2/ch2.html">
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<b>2.</b>
程序結構
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<b>2.1.</b>
命名
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<li class="chapter " data-level="2.2" data-path="ch2/ch2-02.html">
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<b>2.2.</b>
聲明
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<li class="chapter " data-level="2.3" data-path="ch2/ch2-03.html">
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<b>2.3.</b>
變量
</a>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="2.4" data-path="ch2/ch2-04.html">
<a href="../ch2/ch2-04.html">
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<b>2.4.</b>
賦值
</a>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="2.5" data-path="ch2/ch2-05.html">
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<b>2.5.</b>
類型
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<b>2.6.</b>
包和文件
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<li class="chapter " data-level="2.7" data-path="ch2/ch2-07.html">
<a href="../ch2/ch2-07.html">
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<b>2.7.</b>
作用域
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<li class="chapter " data-level="3" data-path="ch3/ch3.html">
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<b>3.</b>
基礎數據類型
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<b>3.1.</b>
整型
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.2" data-path="ch3/ch3-02.html">
<a href="../ch3/ch3-02.html">
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<b>3.2.</b>
浮點數
</a>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="3.3" data-path="ch3/ch3-03.html">
<a href="../ch3/ch3-03.html">
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<b>3.3.</b>
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複數
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</a>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="3.4" data-path="ch3/ch3-04.html">
<a href="../ch3/ch3-04.html">
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<b>3.4.</b>
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布爾型
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</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.5" data-path="ch3/ch3-05.html">
<a href="../ch3/ch3-05.html">
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<b>3.5.</b>
字符串
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.6" data-path="ch3/ch3-06.html">
<a href="../ch3/ch3-06.html">
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<b>3.6.</b>
常量
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4" data-path="ch4/ch4.html">
<a href="../ch4/ch4.html">
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<b>4.</b>
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複合數據類型
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</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.1" data-path="ch4/ch4-01.html">
<a href="../ch4/ch4-01.html">
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<b>4.1.</b>
數組
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.2" data-path="ch4/ch4-02.html">
<a href="../ch4/ch4-02.html">
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<b>4.2.</b>
切片
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.3" data-path="ch4/ch4-03.html">
<a href="../ch4/ch4-03.html">
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<b>4.3.</b>
字典
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.4" data-path="ch4/ch4-04.html">
<a href="../ch4/ch4-04.html">
<i class="fa fa-check"></i>
<b>4.4.</b>
結構體
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.5" data-path="ch4/ch4-05.html">
<a href="../ch4/ch4-05.html">
<i class="fa fa-check"></i>
<b>4.5.</b>
JSON
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.6" data-path="ch4/ch4-06.html">
<a href="../ch4/ch4-06.html">
<i class="fa fa-check"></i>
<b>4.6.</b>
文本和HTML模闆
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5" data-path="ch5/ch5.html">
<a href="../ch5/ch5.html">
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<b>5.</b>
函數
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.1" data-path="ch5/ch5-01.html">
<a href="../ch5/ch5-01.html">
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<b>5.1.</b>
函數聲明
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.2" data-path="ch5/ch5-02.html">
<a href="../ch5/ch5-02.html">
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<b>5.2.</b>
遞歸
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.3" data-path="ch5/ch5-03.html">
<a href="../ch5/ch5-03.html">
<i class="fa fa-check"></i>
<b>5.3.</b>
多返迴值
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.4" data-path="ch5/ch5-04.html">
<a href="../ch5/ch5-04.html">
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<b>5.4.</b>
錯誤
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.5" data-path="ch5/ch5-05.html">
<a href="../ch5/ch5-05.html">
<i class="fa fa-check"></i>
<b>5.5.</b>
函數值
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.6" data-path="ch5/ch5-06.html">
<a href="../ch5/ch5-06.html">
<i class="fa fa-check"></i>
<b>5.6.</b>
匿名函數
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.7" data-path="ch5/ch5-07.html">
<a href="../ch5/ch5-07.html">
<i class="fa fa-check"></i>
<b>5.7.</b>
可變參數
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.8" data-path="ch5/ch5-08.html">
<a href="../ch5/ch5-08.html">
<i class="fa fa-check"></i>
<b>5.8.</b>
Deferred函數
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.9" data-path="ch5/ch5-09.html">
<a href="../ch5/ch5-09.html">
<i class="fa fa-check"></i>
<b>5.9.</b>
Panic異常
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.10" data-path="ch5/ch5-10.html">
<a href="../ch5/ch5-10.html">
<i class="fa fa-check"></i>
<b>5.10.</b>
Recover捕穫異常
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6" data-path="ch6/ch6.html">
<a href="../ch6/ch6.html">
<i class="fa fa-check"></i>
<b>6.</b>
方法
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter active" data-level="6.1" data-path="ch6/ch6-01.html">
<a href="../ch6/ch6-01.html">
<i class="fa fa-check"></i>
<b>6.1.</b>
方法聲明
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.2" data-path="ch6/ch6-02.html">
<a href="../ch6/ch6-02.html">
<i class="fa fa-check"></i>
<b>6.2.</b>
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基於指針對象的方法
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</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.3" data-path="ch6/ch6-03.html">
<a href="../ch6/ch6-03.html">
<i class="fa fa-check"></i>
<b>6.3.</b>
通過嵌入結構體來擴展類型
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.4" data-path="ch6/ch6-04.html">
<a href="../ch6/ch6-04.html">
<i class="fa fa-check"></i>
<b>6.4.</b>
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方法值和方法表達式
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</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.5" data-path="ch6/ch6-05.html">
<a href="../ch6/ch6-05.html">
<i class="fa fa-check"></i>
<b>6.5.</b>
示例: Bit數組
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.6" data-path="ch6/ch6-06.html">
<a href="../ch6/ch6-06.html">
<i class="fa fa-check"></i>
<b>6.6.</b>
封裝
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="7" data-path="ch7/ch7.html">
<a href="../ch7/ch7.html">
<i class="fa fa-check"></i>
<b>7.</b>
接口
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="7.1" data-path="ch7/ch7-01.html">
<a href="../ch7/ch7-01.html">
<i class="fa fa-check"></i>
<b>7.1.</b>
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接口是合約
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</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="7.2" data-path="ch7/ch7-02.html">
<a href="../ch7/ch7-02.html">
<i class="fa fa-check"></i>
<b>7.2.</b>
接口類型
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="7.3" data-path="ch7/ch7-03.html">
<a href="../ch7/ch7-03.html">
<i class="fa fa-check"></i>
<b>7.3.</b>
實現接口的條件
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="7.4" data-path="ch7/ch7-04.html">
<a href="../ch7/ch7-04.html">
<i class="fa fa-check"></i>
<b>7.4.</b>
flag.Value接口
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="7.5" data-path="ch7/ch7-05.html">
<a href="../ch7/ch7-05.html">
<i class="fa fa-check"></i>
<b>7.5.</b>
接口值
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="7.6" data-path="ch7/ch7-06.html">
<a href="../ch7/ch7-06.html">
<i class="fa fa-check"></i>
<b>7.6.</b>
sort.Interface接口
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="7.7" data-path="ch7/ch7-07.html">
<a href="../ch7/ch7-07.html">
<i class="fa fa-check"></i>
<b>7.7.</b>
http.Handler接口
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="7.8" data-path="ch7/ch7-08.html">
<a href="../ch7/ch7-08.html">
<i class="fa fa-check"></i>
<b>7.8.</b>
error接口
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="7.9" data-path="ch7/ch7-09.html">
<a href="../ch7/ch7-09.html">
<i class="fa fa-check"></i>
<b>7.9.</b>
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示例: 表達式求值
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</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="7.10" data-path="ch7/ch7-10.html">
<a href="../ch7/ch7-10.html">
<i class="fa fa-check"></i>
<b>7.10.</b>
類型斷言
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="7.11" data-path="ch7/ch7-11.html">
<a href="../ch7/ch7-11.html">
<i class="fa fa-check"></i>
<b>7.11.</b>
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基於類型斷言識别錯誤類型
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</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="7.12" data-path="ch7/ch7-12.html">
<a href="../ch7/ch7-12.html">
<i class="fa fa-check"></i>
<b>7.12.</b>
通過類型斷言査詢接口
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="7.13" data-path="ch7/ch7-13.html">
<a href="../ch7/ch7-13.html">
<i class="fa fa-check"></i>
<b>7.13.</b>
類型分支
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="7.14" data-path="ch7/ch7-14.html">
<a href="../ch7/ch7-14.html">
<i class="fa fa-check"></i>
<b>7.14.</b>
示例: 基於標記的XML解碼
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="7.15" data-path="ch7/ch7-15.html">
<a href="../ch7/ch7-15.html">
<i class="fa fa-check"></i>
<b>7.15.</b>
補充幾點
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="8" data-path="ch8/ch8.html">
<a href="../ch8/ch8.html">
<i class="fa fa-check"></i>
<b>8.</b>
Goroutines和Channels
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="8.1" data-path="ch8/ch8-01.html">
<a href="../ch8/ch8-01.html">
<i class="fa fa-check"></i>
<b>8.1.</b>
Goroutines
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="8.2" data-path="ch8/ch8-02.html">
<a href="../ch8/ch8-02.html">
<i class="fa fa-check"></i>
<b>8.2.</b>
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示例: 併發的Clock服務
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</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="8.3" data-path="ch8/ch8-03.html">
<a href="../ch8/ch8-03.html">
<i class="fa fa-check"></i>
<b>8.3.</b>
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示例: 併發的Echo服務
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</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="8.4" data-path="ch8/ch8-04.html">
<a href="../ch8/ch8-04.html">
<i class="fa fa-check"></i>
<b>8.4.</b>
Channels
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="8.5" data-path="ch8/ch8-05.html">
<a href="../ch8/ch8-05.html">
<i class="fa fa-check"></i>
<b>8.5.</b>
併行的循環
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="8.6" data-path="ch8/ch8-06.html">
<a href="../ch8/ch8-06.html">
<i class="fa fa-check"></i>
<b>8.6.</b>
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示例: 併發的Web爬蟲
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</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="8.7" data-path="ch8/ch8-07.html">
<a href="../ch8/ch8-07.html">
<i class="fa fa-check"></i>
<b>8.7.</b>
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基於select的多路複用
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</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="8.8" data-path="ch8/ch8-08.html">
<a href="../ch8/ch8-08.html">
<i class="fa fa-check"></i>
<b>8.8.</b>
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示例: 併發的字典遍歷
2015-12-09 07:57:17 +00:00
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="8.9" data-path="ch8/ch8-09.html">
<a href="../ch8/ch8-09.html">
<i class="fa fa-check"></i>
<b>8.9.</b>
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併發的退齣
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</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="8.10" data-path="ch8/ch8-10.html">
<a href="../ch8/ch8-10.html">
<i class="fa fa-check"></i>
<b>8.10.</b>
示例: 聊天服務
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="9" data-path="ch9/ch9.html">
<a href="../ch9/ch9.html">
<i class="fa fa-check"></i>
<b>9.</b>
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基於共享變量的併發
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</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="9.1" data-path="ch9/ch9-01.html">
<a href="../ch9/ch9-01.html">
<i class="fa fa-check"></i>
<b>9.1.</b>
競爭條件
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="9.2" data-path="ch9/ch9-02.html">
<a href="../ch9/ch9-02.html">
<i class="fa fa-check"></i>
<b>9.2.</b>
sync.Mutex互斥鎖
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="9.3" data-path="ch9/ch9-03.html">
<a href="../ch9/ch9-03.html">
<i class="fa fa-check"></i>
<b>9.3.</b>
sync.RWMutex讀寫鎖
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="9.4" data-path="ch9/ch9-04.html">
<a href="../ch9/ch9-04.html">
<i class="fa fa-check"></i>
<b>9.4.</b>
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內存同步
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</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="9.5" data-path="ch9/ch9-05.html">
<a href="../ch9/ch9-05.html">
<i class="fa fa-check"></i>
<b>9.5.</b>
sync.Once初始化
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="9.6" data-path="ch9/ch9-06.html">
<a href="../ch9/ch9-06.html">
<i class="fa fa-check"></i>
<b>9.6.</b>
競爭條件檢測
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="9.7" data-path="ch9/ch9-07.html">
<a href="../ch9/ch9-07.html">
<i class="fa fa-check"></i>
<b>9.7.</b>
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示例: 併發的非阻塞緩存
2015-12-09 07:57:17 +00:00
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="9.8" data-path="ch9/ch9-08.html">
<a href="../ch9/ch9-08.html">
<i class="fa fa-check"></i>
<b>9.8.</b>
2015-12-21 04:55:18 +00:00
Goroutines和線程
2015-12-09 07:57:17 +00:00
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="10" data-path="ch10/ch10.html">
<a href="../ch10/ch10.html">
<i class="fa fa-check"></i>
<b>10.</b>
包和工具
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="10.1" data-path="ch10/ch10-01.html">
<a href="../ch10/ch10-01.html">
<i class="fa fa-check"></i>
<b>10.1.</b>
簡介
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="10.2" data-path="ch10/ch10-02.html">
<a href="../ch10/ch10-02.html">
<i class="fa fa-check"></i>
<b>10.2.</b>
導入路徑
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="10.3" data-path="ch10/ch10-03.html">
<a href="../ch10/ch10-03.html">
<i class="fa fa-check"></i>
<b>10.3.</b>
包聲明
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="10.4" data-path="ch10/ch10-04.html">
<a href="../ch10/ch10-04.html">
<i class="fa fa-check"></i>
<b>10.4.</b>
導入聲明
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="10.5" data-path="ch10/ch10-05.html">
<a href="../ch10/ch10-05.html">
<i class="fa fa-check"></i>
<b>10.5.</b>
匿名導入
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="10.6" data-path="ch10/ch10-06.html">
<a href="../ch10/ch10-06.html">
<i class="fa fa-check"></i>
<b>10.6.</b>
包和命名
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="10.7" data-path="ch10/ch10-07.html">
<a href="../ch10/ch10-07.html">
<i class="fa fa-check"></i>
<b>10.7.</b>
工具
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="11" data-path="ch11/ch11.html">
<a href="../ch11/ch11.html">
<i class="fa fa-check"></i>
<b>11.</b>
測試
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="11.1" data-path="ch11/ch11-01.html">
<a href="../ch11/ch11-01.html">
<i class="fa fa-check"></i>
<b>11.1.</b>
go test
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="11.2" data-path="ch11/ch11-02.html">
<a href="../ch11/ch11-02.html">
<i class="fa fa-check"></i>
<b>11.2.</b>
測試函數
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="11.3" data-path="ch11/ch11-03.html">
<a href="../ch11/ch11-03.html">
<i class="fa fa-check"></i>
<b>11.3.</b>
測試覆蓋率
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="11.4" data-path="ch11/ch11-04.html">
<a href="../ch11/ch11-04.html">
<i class="fa fa-check"></i>
<b>11.4.</b>
基準測試
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="11.5" data-path="ch11/ch11-05.html">
<a href="../ch11/ch11-05.html">
<i class="fa fa-check"></i>
<b>11.5.</b>
剖析
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="11.6" data-path="ch11/ch11-06.html">
<a href="../ch11/ch11-06.html">
<i class="fa fa-check"></i>
<b>11.6.</b>
示例函數
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="12" data-path="ch12/ch12.html">
<a href="../ch12/ch12.html">
<i class="fa fa-check"></i>
<b>12.</b>
反射
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="12.1" data-path="ch12/ch12-01.html">
<a href="../ch12/ch12-01.html">
<i class="fa fa-check"></i>
<b>12.1.</b>
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爲何需要反射?
2015-12-09 07:57:17 +00:00
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="12.2" data-path="ch12/ch12-02.html">
<a href="../ch12/ch12-02.html">
<i class="fa fa-check"></i>
<b>12.2.</b>
reflect.Type和reflect.Value
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="12.3" data-path="ch12/ch12-03.html">
<a href="../ch12/ch12-03.html">
<i class="fa fa-check"></i>
<b>12.3.</b>
Display遞歸打印
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="12.4" data-path="ch12/ch12-04.html">
<a href="../ch12/ch12-04.html">
<i class="fa fa-check"></i>
<b>12.4.</b>
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示例: 編碼S表達式
2015-12-09 07:57:17 +00:00
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="12.5" data-path="ch12/ch12-05.html">
<a href="../ch12/ch12-05.html">
<i class="fa fa-check"></i>
<b>12.5.</b>
通過reflect.Value脩改值
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="12.6" data-path="ch12/ch12-06.html">
<a href="../ch12/ch12-06.html">
<i class="fa fa-check"></i>
<b>12.6.</b>
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示例: 解碼S表達式
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</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="12.7" data-path="ch12/ch12-07.html">
<a href="../ch12/ch12-07.html">
<i class="fa fa-check"></i>
<b>12.7.</b>
穫取結構體字段標識
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="12.8" data-path="ch12/ch12-08.html">
<a href="../ch12/ch12-08.html">
<i class="fa fa-check"></i>
<b>12.8.</b>
顯示一個類型的方法集
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="12.9" data-path="ch12/ch12-09.html">
<a href="../ch12/ch12-09.html">
<i class="fa fa-check"></i>
<b>12.9.</b>
幾點忠告
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="13" data-path="ch13/ch13.html">
<a href="../ch13/ch13.html">
<i class="fa fa-check"></i>
<b>13.</b>
底層編程
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="13.1" data-path="ch13/ch13-01.html">
<a href="../ch13/ch13-01.html">
<i class="fa fa-check"></i>
<b>13.1.</b>
unsafe.Sizeof, Alignof 和 Offsetof
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="13.2" data-path="ch13/ch13-02.html">
<a href="../ch13/ch13-02.html">
<i class="fa fa-check"></i>
<b>13.2.</b>
unsafe.Pointer
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="13.3" data-path="ch13/ch13-03.html">
<a href="../ch13/ch13-03.html">
<i class="fa fa-check"></i>
<b>13.3.</b>
示例: 深度相等判斷
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="13.4" data-path="ch13/ch13-04.html">
<a href="../ch13/ch13-04.html">
<i class="fa fa-check"></i>
<b>13.4.</b>
通過cgo調用C代碼
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="13.5" data-path="ch13/ch13-05.html">
<a href="../ch13/ch13-05.html">
<i class="fa fa-check"></i>
<b>13.5.</b>
幾點忠告
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="14" data-path="errata.html">
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<a href="../errata.html">
<i class="fa fa-check"></i>
2015-12-21 04:55:18 +00:00
<b>14.</b>
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勘誤
</a>
</li>
<li class="divider"></li>
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<a href="https://www.gitbook.com" target="blank" class="gitbook-link">
本書使用 GitBook 釋出
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<h2 id="61-&#x65B9;&#x6CD5;&#x8072;&#x660E;">6.1. &#x65B9;&#x6CD5;&#x8072;&#x660E;</h2>
2015-12-21 04:55:18 +00:00
<p>&#x5728;&#x51FD;&#x6578;&#x8072;&#x660E;&#x6642;&#xFF0C;&#x5728;&#x5176;&#x540D;&#x5B57;&#x4E4B;&#x524D;&#x653E;&#x4E0A;&#x4E00;&#x500B;&#x8B8A;&#x91CF;&#xFF0C;&#x537D;&#x662F;&#x4E00;&#x500B;&#x65B9;&#x6CD5;&#x3002;&#x9019;&#x500B;&#x9644;&#x52A0;&#x7684;&#x53C3;&#x6578;&#x6703;&#x5C07;&#x8A72;&#x51FD;&#x6578;&#x9644;&#x52A0;&#x5230;&#x9019;&#x7A2E;&#x985E;&#x578B;&#x4E0A;&#xFF0C;&#x537D;&#x76F8;&#x7576;&#x65BC;&#x7232;&#x9019;&#x7A2E;&#x985E;&#x578B;&#x5B9A;&#x7FA9;&#x4E86;&#x4E00;&#x500B;&#x7368;&#x5360;&#x7684;&#x65B9;&#x6CD5;&#x3002;</p>
<p>&#x4E0B;&#x9762;&#x4F86;&#x5BEB;&#x6211;&#x5011;&#x7B2C;&#x4E00;&#x500B;&#x65B9;&#x6CD5;&#x7684;&#x4F8B;&#x5B50;&#xFF0C;&#x9019;&#x500B;&#x4F8B;&#x5B50;&#x5728;package geometry&#x4E0B;&#xFF1A;</p>
2015-12-09 07:57:17 +00:00
<pre><code class="lang-go">gopl.io/ch6/geometry
<span class="hljs-keyword">package</span> geometry
<span class="hljs-keyword">import</span> <span class="hljs-string">&quot;math&quot;</span>
<span class="hljs-keyword">type</span> Point <span class="hljs-keyword">struct</span>{ X, Y <span class="hljs-typename">float64</span> }
<span class="hljs-comment">// traditional function</span>
<span class="hljs-keyword">func</span> Distance(p, q Point) <span class="hljs-typename">float64</span> {
<span class="hljs-keyword">return</span> math.Hypot(q.X-p.X, q.Y-p.Y)
}
<span class="hljs-comment">// same thing, but as a method of the Point type</span>
<span class="hljs-keyword">func</span> (p Point) Distance(q Point) <span class="hljs-typename">float64</span> {
<span class="hljs-keyword">return</span> math.Hypot(q.X-p.X, q.Y-p.Y)
}
</code></pre>
2015-12-21 04:55:18 +00:00
<p>&#x4E0A;&#x9762;&#x7684;&#x4EE3;&#x78BC;&#x91CC;&#x90A3;&#x500B;&#x9644;&#x52A0;&#x7684;&#x53C3;&#x6578;p&#xFF0C;&#x53EB;&#x505A;&#x65B9;&#x6CD5;&#x7684;&#x63A5;&#x6536;&#x5668;(receiver)&#xFF0C;&#x65E9;&#x671F;&#x7684;&#x9762;&#x5411;&#x5C0D;&#x8C61;&#x8A9E;&#x8A00;&#x7559;&#x4E0B;&#x7684;&#x907A;&#x7523;&#x5C07;&#x8ABF;&#x7528;&#x4E00;&#x500B;&#x65B9;&#x6CD5;&#x7A31;&#x7232;&#x201C;&#x5411;&#x4E00;&#x500B;&#x5C0D;&#x8C61;&#x767C;&#x9001;&#x6D88;&#x606F;&#x201D;&#x3002;</p>
<p>&#x5728;Go&#x8A9E;&#x8A00;&#x4E2D;&#xFF0C;&#x6211;&#x5011;&#x4F75;&#x4E0D;&#x6703;&#x50CF;&#x5176;&#x5B83;&#x8A9E;&#x8A00;&#x90A3;&#x6A23;&#x7528;this&#x6216;&#x8005;self&#x4F5C;&#x7232;&#x63A5;&#x6536;&#x5668;&#xFF1B;&#x6211;&#x5011;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x4EFB;&#x610F;&#x7684;&#x9078;&#x64C7;&#x63A5;&#x6536;&#x5668;&#x7684;&#x540D;&#x5B57;&#x3002;&#x7531;&#x65BC;&#x63A5;&#x6536;&#x5668;&#x7684;&#x540D;&#x5B57;&#x7D93;&#x5E38;&#x6703;&#x88AB;&#x4F7F;&#x7528;&#x5230;&#xFF0C;&#x6240;&#x4EE5;&#x4FDD;&#x6301;&#x5176;&#x5728;&#x65B9;&#x6CD5;&#x9593;&#x50B3;&#x905E;&#x6642;&#x7684;&#x4E00;&#x81F4;&#x6027;&#x548C;&#x7C21;&#x77ED;&#x6027;&#x662F;&#x4E0D;&#x932F;&#x7684;&#x4E3B;&#x610F;&#x3002;&#x9019;&#x91CC;&#x7684;&#x5EFA;&#x8B70;&#x662F;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x4F7F;&#x7528;&#x5176;&#x985E;&#x578B;&#x7684;&#x7B2C;&#x4E00;&#x500B;&#x5B57;&#x6BCD;&#xFF0C;&#x6BD4;&#x5982;&#x9019;&#x91CC;&#x4F7F;&#x7528;&#x4E86;Point&#x7684;&#x9996;&#x5B57;&#x6BCD;p&#x3002;</p>
<p>&#x5728;&#x65B9;&#x6CD5;&#x8ABF;&#x7528;&#x904E;&#x7A0B;&#x4E2D;&#xFF0C;&#x63A5;&#x6536;&#x5668;&#x53C3;&#x6578;&#x4E00;&#x822C;&#x6703;&#x5728;&#x65B9;&#x6CD5;&#x540D;&#x4E4B;&#x524D;&#x9F63;&#x73FE;&#x3002;&#x9019;&#x548C;&#x65B9;&#x6CD5;&#x8072;&#x660E;&#x662F;&#x4E00;&#x6A23;&#x7684;&#xFF0C;&#x90FD;&#x662F;&#x63A5;&#x6536;&#x5668;&#x53C3;&#x6578;&#x5728;&#x65B9;&#x6CD5;&#x540D;&#x5B57;&#x4E4B;&#x524D;&#x3002;&#x4E0B;&#x9762;&#x662F;&#x4F8B;&#x5B50;&#xFF1A;</p>
2015-12-09 07:57:17 +00:00
<pre><code class="lang-Go">p := Point{<span class="hljs-number">1</span>, <span class="hljs-number">2</span>}
q := Point{<span class="hljs-number">4</span>, <span class="hljs-number">6</span>}
fmt.Println(Distance(p, q)) <span class="hljs-comment">// &quot;5&quot;, function call</span>
fmt.Println(p.Distance(q)) <span class="hljs-comment">// &quot;5&quot;, method call</span>
</code></pre>
2015-12-21 04:55:18 +00:00
<p>&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x770B;&#x5230;&#xFF0C;&#x4E0A;&#x9762;&#x7684;&#x5169;&#x500B;&#x51FD;&#x6578;&#x8ABF;&#x7528;&#x90FD;&#x662F;Distance&#xFF0C;&#x4F46;&#x662F;&#x537B;&#x6C92;&#x6709;&#x767C;&#x751F;&#x885D;&#x7A81;&#x3002;&#x7B2C;&#x4E00;&#x500B;Distance&#x7684;&#x8ABF;&#x7528;&#x5BE6;&#x969B;&#x4E0A;&#x7528;&#x7684;&#x662F;&#x5305;&#x7D1A;&#x522B;&#x7684;&#x51FD;&#x6578;geometry.Distance&#xFF0C;&#x800C;&#x7B2C;&#x4E8C;&#x500B;&#x5247;&#x662F;&#x4F7F;&#x7528;&#x525B;&#x525B;&#x8072;&#x660E;&#x7684;Point&#xFF0C;&#x8ABF;&#x7528;&#x7684;&#x662F;Point&#x985E;&#x4E0B;&#x8072;&#x660E;&#x7684;Point.Distance&#x65B9;&#x6CD5;&#x3002;</p>
<p>&#x9019;&#x7A2E;p.Distance&#x7684;&#x8868;&#x9054;&#x5F0F;&#x53EB;&#x505A;&#x9078;&#x64C7;&#x5668;&#xFF0C;&#x56E0;&#x7232;&#x4ED6;&#x6703;&#x9078;&#x64C7;&#x5408;&#x9069;&#x7684;&#x5C0D;&#x61C9;p&#x9019;&#x500B;&#x5C0D;&#x8C61;&#x7684;Distance&#x65B9;&#x6CD5;&#x4F86;&#x57F7;&#x884C;&#x3002;&#x9078;&#x64C7;&#x5668;&#x4E5F;&#x6703;&#x88AB;&#x7528;&#x4F86;&#x9078;&#x64C7;&#x4E00;&#x500B;struct&#x985E;&#x578B;&#x7684;&#x5B57;&#x6BB5;&#xFF0C;&#x6BD4;&#x5982;p.X&#x3002;&#x7531;&#x65BC;&#x65B9;&#x6CD5;&#x548C;&#x5B57;&#x6BB5;&#x90FD;&#x662F;&#x5728;&#x540C;&#x4E00;&#x547D;&#x540D;&#x7A7A;&#x9593;&#xFF0C;&#x6240;&#x4EE5;&#x5982;&#x679C;&#x6211;&#x5011;&#x5728;&#x9019;&#x91CC;&#x8072;&#x660E;&#x4E00;&#x500B;X&#x65B9;&#x6CD5;&#x7684;&#x8A71;&#xFF0C;&#x7DE8;&#x8B6F;&#x5668;&#x6703;&#x5831;&#x932F;&#xFF0C;&#x56E0;&#x7232;&#x5728;&#x8ABF;&#x7528;p.X&#x6642;&#x6703;&#x6709;&#x6B67;&#x7FA9;(&#x8B6F;&#x8A3B;&#xFF1A;&#x9019;&#x91CC;&#x78BA;&#x5BE6;&#x633A;&#x5947;&#x602A;&#x7684;)&#x3002;</p>
<p>&#x56E0;&#x7232;&#x6BCF;&#x7A2E;&#x985E;&#x578B;&#x90FD;&#x6709;&#x5176;&#x65B9;&#x6CD5;&#x7684;&#x547D;&#x540D;&#x7A7A;&#x9593;&#xFF0C;&#x6211;&#x5011;&#x5728;&#x7528;Distance&#x9019;&#x500B;&#x540D;&#x5B57;&#x7684;&#x6642;&#x5019;&#xFF0C;&#x4E0D;&#x540C;&#x7684;Distance&#x8ABF;&#x7528;&#x6307;&#x5411;&#x4E86;&#x4E0D;&#x540C;&#x985E;&#x578B;&#x91CC;&#x7684;Distance&#x65B9;&#x6CD5;&#x3002;&#x8B93;&#x6211;&#x5011;&#x4F86;&#x5B9A;&#x7FA9;&#x4E00;&#x500B;Path&#x985E;&#x578B;&#xFF0C;&#x9019;&#x500B;Path&#x4EE3;&#x8868;&#x4E00;&#x500B;&#x7DDA;&#x6BB5;&#x7684;&#x96C6;&#x5408;&#xFF0C;&#x4F75;&#x4E14;&#x4E5F;&#x7D66;&#x9019;&#x500B;Path&#x5B9A;&#x7FA9;&#x4E00;&#x500B;&#x53EB;Distance&#x7684;&#x65B9;&#x6CD5;&#x3002;</p>
2015-12-09 07:57:17 +00:00
<pre><code class="lang-Go"><span class="hljs-comment">// A Path is a journey connecting the points with straight lines.</span>
<span class="hljs-keyword">type</span> Path []Point
<span class="hljs-comment">// Distance returns the distance traveled along the path.</span>
<span class="hljs-keyword">func</span> (path Path) Distance() <span class="hljs-typename">float64</span> {
sum := <span class="hljs-number">0.0</span>
<span class="hljs-keyword">for</span> i := <span class="hljs-keyword">range</span> path {
<span class="hljs-keyword">if</span> i &gt; <span class="hljs-number">0</span> {
sum += path[i-<span class="hljs-number">1</span>].Distance(path[i])
}
}
<span class="hljs-keyword">return</span> sum
}
</code></pre>
2015-12-21 04:55:18 +00:00
<p>Path&#x662F;&#x4E00;&#x500B;&#x547D;&#x540D;&#x7684;slice&#x985E;&#x578B;&#xFF0C;&#x800C;&#x4E0D;&#x662F;Point&#x90A3;&#x6A23;&#x7684;struct&#x985E;&#x578B;&#xFF0C;&#x7136;&#x800C;&#x6211;&#x5011;&#x4F9D;&#x7136;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x7232;&#x5B83;&#x5B9A;&#x7FA9;&#x65B9;&#x6CD5;&#x3002;&#x5728;&#x80FD;&#x5920;&#x7D66;&#x4EFB;&#x610F;&#x985E;&#x578B;&#x5B9A;&#x7FA9;&#x65B9;&#x6CD5;&#x9019;&#x4E00;&#x9EDE;&#x4E0A;&#xFF0C;Go&#x548C;&#x5F88;&#x591A;&#x5176;&#x5B83;&#x7684;&#x9762;&#x5411;&#x5C0D;&#x8C61;&#x7684;&#x8A9E;&#x8A00;&#x4E0D;&#x592A;&#x4E00;&#x6A23;&#x3002;&#x56E0;&#x6B64;&#x5728;Go&#x8A9E;&#x8A00;&#x91CC;&#xFF0C;&#x6211;&#x5011;&#x7232;&#x4E00;&#x4E9B;&#x7C21;&#x55AE;&#x7684;&#x6578;&#x503C;&#x3001;&#x5B57;&#x7B26;&#x4E32;&#x3001;slice&#x3001;map&#x4F86;&#x5B9A;&#x7FA9;&#x4E00;&#x4E9B;&#x9644;&#x52A0;&#x884C;&#x7232;&#x5F88;&#x65B9;&#x4FBF;&#x3002;&#x65B9;&#x6CD5;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x88AB;&#x8072;&#x660E;&#x5230;&#x4EFB;&#x610F;&#x985E;&#x578B;&#xFF0C;&#x96BB;&#x8981;&#x4E0D;&#x662F;&#x4E00;&#x500B;&#x6307;&#x91DD;&#x6216;&#x8005;&#x4E00;&#x500B;interface&#x3002;</p>
<p>&#x5169;&#x500B;Distance&#x65B9;&#x6CD5;&#x6709;&#x4E0D;&#x540C;&#x7684;&#x985E;&#x578B;&#x3002;&#x4ED6;&#x5011;&#x5169;&#x500B;&#x65B9;&#x6CD5;&#x4E4B;&#x9593;&#x6C92;&#x6709;&#x4EFB;&#x4F55;&#x95DC;&#x7E6B;&#xFF0C;&#x76E1;&#x7BA1;Path&#x7684;Distance&#x65B9;&#x6CD5;&#x6703;&#x5728;&#x5167;&#x90E8;&#x8ABF;&#x7528;Point.Distance&#x65B9;&#x6CD5;&#x4F86;&#x8A08;&#x7B97;&#x6BCF;&#x500B;&#x9023;&#x63A5;&#x9130;&#x63A5;&#x9EDE;&#x7684;&#x7DDA;&#x6BB5;&#x7684;&#x9577;&#x5EA6;&#x3002;</p>
2015-12-09 07:57:17 +00:00
<p>&#x8B93;&#x6211;&#x5011;&#x4F86;&#x8ABF;&#x7528;&#x4E00;&#x500B;&#x65B0;&#x65B9;&#x6CD5;&#xFF0C;&#x8A08;&#x7B97;&#x4E09;&#x89D2;&#x5F62;&#x7684;&#x9031;&#x9577;&#xFF1A;</p>
<pre><code class="lang-Go">perim := Path{
{<span class="hljs-number">1</span>, <span class="hljs-number">1</span>},
{<span class="hljs-number">5</span>, <span class="hljs-number">1</span>},
{<span class="hljs-number">5</span>, <span class="hljs-number">4</span>},
{<span class="hljs-number">1</span>, <span class="hljs-number">1</span>},
}
fmt.Println(perim.Distance()) <span class="hljs-comment">// &quot;12&quot;</span>
</code></pre>
2015-12-21 04:55:18 +00:00
<p>&#x5728;&#x4E0A;&#x9762;&#x5169;&#x500B;&#x5C0D;Distance&#x540D;&#x5B57;&#x7684;&#x65B9;&#x6CD5;&#x7684;&#x8ABF;&#x7528;&#x4E2D;&#xFF0C;&#x7DE8;&#x8B6F;&#x5668;&#x6703;&#x6839;&#x64DA;&#x65B9;&#x6CD5;&#x7684;&#x540D;&#x5B57;&#x4EE5;&#x53CA;&#x63A5;&#x6536;&#x5668;&#x4F86;&#x6C7A;&#x5B9A;&#x5177;&#x9AD4;&#x8ABF;&#x7528;&#x7684;&#x662F;&#x54EA;&#x4E00;&#x500B;&#x51FD;&#x6578;&#x3002;&#x7B2C;&#x4E00;&#x500B;&#x4F8B;&#x5B50;&#x4E2D;path[i-1]&#x6578;&#x7D44;&#x4E2D;&#x7684;&#x985E;&#x578B;&#x662F;Point&#xFF0C;&#x56E0;&#x6B64;Point.Distance&#x9019;&#x500B;&#x65B9;&#x6CD5;&#x88AB;&#x8ABF;&#x7528;&#xFF1B;&#x5728;&#x7B2C;&#x4E8C;&#x500B;&#x4F8B;&#x5B50;&#x4E2D;perim&#x7684;&#x985E;&#x578B;&#x662F;Path&#xFF0C;&#x56E0;&#x6B64;Distance&#x8ABF;&#x7528;&#x7684;&#x662F;Path.Distance&#x3002;</p>
<p>&#x5C0D;&#x65BC;&#x4E00;&#x500B;&#x7D66;&#x5B9A;&#x7684;&#x985E;&#x578B;&#xFF0C;&#x5176;&#x5167;&#x90E8;&#x7684;&#x65B9;&#x6CD5;&#x90FD;&#x5FC5;&#x9B1A;&#x6709;&#x552F;&#x4E00;&#x7684;&#x65B9;&#x6CD5;&#x540D;&#xFF0C;&#x4F46;&#x662F;&#x4E0D;&#x540C;&#x7684;&#x985E;&#x578B;&#x537B;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x6709;&#x540C;&#x6A23;&#x7684;&#x65B9;&#x6CD5;&#x540D;&#xFF0C;&#x6BD4;&#x5982;&#x6211;&#x5011;&#x9019;&#x91CC;Point&#x548C;Path&#x5C31;&#x90FD;&#x6709;Distance&#x9019;&#x500B;&#x540D;&#x5B57;&#x7684;&#x65B9;&#x6CD5;&#xFF1B;&#x6240;&#x4EE5;&#x6211;&#x5011;&#x6C92;&#x6709;&#x5FC5;&#x8981;&#x975E;&#x5728;&#x65B9;&#x6CD5;&#x540D;&#x4E4B;&#x524D;&#x52A0;&#x985E;&#x578B;&#x540D;&#x4F86;&#x6D88;&#x9664;&#x6B67;&#x7FA9;&#xFF0C;&#x6BD4;&#x5982;PathDistance&#x3002;&#x9019;&#x91CC;&#x6211;&#x5011;&#x5DF2;&#x7D93;&#x770B;&#x5230;&#x4E86;&#x65B9;&#x6CD5;&#x6BD4;&#x4E4B;&#x51FD;&#x6578;&#x7684;&#x4E00;&#x4E9B;&#x597D;&#x8655;&#xFF1A;&#x65B9;&#x6CD5;&#x540D;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x7C21;&#x77ED;&#x3002;&#x7576;&#x6211;&#x5011;&#x5728;&#x5305;&#x5916;&#x8ABF;&#x7528;&#x7684;&#x6642;&#x5019;&#x9019;&#x7A2E;&#x597D;&#x8655;&#x5C31;&#x6703;&#x88AB;&#x653E;&#x5927;&#xFF0C;&#x56E0;&#x7232;&#x6211;&#x5011;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x4F7F;&#x7528;&#x9019;&#x500B;&#x77ED;&#x540D;&#x5B57;&#xFF0C;&#x800C;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x7701;&#x7565;&#x6389;&#x5305;&#x7684;&#x540D;&#x5B57;&#xFF0C;&#x4E0B;&#x9762;&#x662F;&#x4F8B;&#x5B50;&#xFF1A;</p>
2015-12-09 07:57:17 +00:00
<pre><code class="lang-Go"><span class="hljs-keyword">import</span> <span class="hljs-string">&quot;gopl.io/ch6/geometry&quot;</span>
perim := geometry.Path{{<span class="hljs-number">1</span>, <span class="hljs-number">1</span>}, {<span class="hljs-number">5</span>, <span class="hljs-number">1</span>}, {<span class="hljs-number">5</span>, <span class="hljs-number">4</span>}, {<span class="hljs-number">1</span>, <span class="hljs-number">1</span>}}
fmt.Println(geometry.PathDistance(perim)) <span class="hljs-comment">// &quot;12&quot;, standalone function</span>
fmt.Println(perim.Distance()) <span class="hljs-comment">// &quot;12&quot;, method of geometry.Path</span>
</code></pre>
2015-12-21 04:55:18 +00:00
<p>&#x8B6F;&#x8A3B;&#xFF1A;&#x5982;&#x679C;&#x6211;&#x5011;&#x8981;&#x7528;&#x65B9;&#x6CD5;&#x53BB;&#x8A08;&#x7B97;perim&#x7684;distance&#xFF0C;&#x9084;&#x9700;&#x8981;&#x53BB;&#x5BEB;&#x5168;geometry&#x7684;&#x5305;&#x540D;&#xFF0C;&#x548C;&#x5176;&#x51FD;&#x6578;&#x540D;&#xFF0C;&#x4F46;&#x662F;&#x56E0;&#x7232;Path&#x9019;&#x500B;&#x8B8A;&#x91CF;&#x5B9A;&#x7FA9;&#x4E86;&#x4E00;&#x500B;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x76F4;&#x63A5;&#x7528;&#x7684;Distance&#x65B9;&#x6CD5;&#xFF0C;&#x6240;&#x4EE5;&#x6211;&#x5011;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x76F4;&#x63A5;&#x5BEB;perim.Distance()&#x3002;&#x76F8;&#x7576;&#x65BC;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x5C11;&#x6253;&#x5F88;&#x591A;&#x5B57;&#xFF0C;&#x4F5C;&#x8005;&#x61C9;&#x8A72;&#x662F;&#x9019;&#x500B;&#x610F;&#x601D;&#x3002;&#x56E0;&#x7232;&#x5728;Go&#x91CC;&#x5305;&#x5916;&#x8ABF;&#x7528;&#x51FD;&#x6578;&#x9700;&#x8981;&#x5E36;&#x4E0A;&#x5305;&#x540D;&#xFF0C;&#x9084;&#x662F;&#x633A;&#x9EBB;&#x7169;&#x7684;&#x3002;</p>
2015-12-09 07:57:17 +00:00
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