mirror of
https://github.com/gopl-zh/gopl-zh.github.com.git
synced 2024-11-28 09:09:07 +00:00
372 lines
36 KiB
HTML
372 lines
36 KiB
HTML
|
<!DOCTYPE HTML>
|
|||
|
|
<html lang="zh" class="sidebar-visible no-js light">
|
|||
|
|
<head>
|
|||
|
|
<!-- Book generated using mdBook -->
|
|||
|
|
<meta charset="UTF-8">
|
|||
|
|
<title>示例: 解码S表达式 - Go语言圣经</title>
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
<!-- Custom HTML head -->
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
<meta content="text/html; charset=utf-8" http-equiv="Content-Type">
|
|||
|
|
<meta name="description" content="<The Go Programming Language>中文版">
|
|||
|
|
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
|
|||
|
|
<meta name="theme-color" content="#ffffff" />
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
<link rel="icon" href="../favicon.svg">
|
|||
|
|
<link rel="shortcut icon" href="../favicon.png">
|
|||
|
|
<link rel="stylesheet" href="../css/variables.css">
|
|||
|
|
<link rel="stylesheet" href="../css/general.css">
|
|||
|
|
<link rel="stylesheet" href="../css/chrome.css">
|
|||
|
|
<link rel="stylesheet" href="../css/print.css" media="print">
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
<!-- Fonts -->
|
|||
|
|
<link rel="stylesheet" href="../FontAwesome/css/font-awesome.css">
|
|||
|
|
<link rel="stylesheet" href="../fonts/fonts.css">
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
<!-- Highlight.js Stylesheets -->
|
|||
|
|
<link rel="stylesheet" href="../highlight.css">
|
|||
|
|
<link rel="stylesheet" href="../tomorrow-night.css">
|
|||
|
|
<link rel="stylesheet" href="../ayu-highlight.css">
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
<!-- Custom theme stylesheets -->
|
|||
|
|
<link rel="stylesheet" href="../style.css">
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
</head>
|
|||
|
|
<body>
|
|||
|
|
<!-- Provide site root to javascript -->
|
|||
|
|
<script type="text/javascript">
|
|||
|
|
var path_to_root = "../";
|
|||
|
|
var default_theme = window.matchMedia("(prefers-color-scheme: dark)").matches ? "navy" : "light";
|
|||
|
|
</script>
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
<!-- Work around some values being stored in localStorage wrapped in quotes -->
|
|||
|
|
<script type="text/javascript">
|
|||
|
|
try {
|
|||
|
|
var theme = localStorage.getItem('mdbook-theme');
|
|||
|
|
var sidebar = localStorage.getItem('mdbook-sidebar');
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
if (theme.startsWith('"') && theme.endsWith('"')) {
|
|||
|
|
localStorage.setItem('mdbook-theme', theme.slice(1, theme.length - 1));
|
|||
|
|
}
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
if (sidebar.startsWith('"') && sidebar.endsWith('"')) {
|
|||
|
|
localStorage.setItem('mdbook-sidebar', sidebar.slice(1, sidebar.length - 1));
|
|||
|
|
}
|
|||
|
|
} catch (e) { }
|
|||
|
|
</script>
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
<!-- Set the theme before any content is loaded, prevents flash -->
|
|||
|
|
<script type="text/javascript">
|
|||
|
|
var theme;
|
|||
|
|
try { theme = localStorage.getItem('mdbook-theme'); } catch(e) { }
|
|||
|
|
if (theme === null || theme === undefined) { theme = default_theme; }
|
|||
|
|
var html = document.querySelector('html');
|
|||
|
|
html.classList.remove('no-js')
|
|||
|
|
html.classList.remove('light')
|
|||
|
|
html.classList.add(theme);
|
|||
|
|
html.classList.add('js');
|
|||
|
|
</script>
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
<!-- Hide / unhide sidebar before it is displayed -->
|
|||
|
|
<script type="text/javascript">
|
|||
|
|
var html = document.querySelector('html');
|
|||
|
|
var sidebar = 'hidden';
|
|||
|
|
if (document.body.clientWidth >= 1080) {
|
|||
|
|
try { sidebar = localStorage.getItem('mdbook-sidebar'); } catch(e) { }
|
|||
|
|
sidebar = sidebar || 'visible';
|
|||
|
|
}
|
|||
|
|
html.classList.remove('sidebar-visible');
|
|||
|
|
html.classList.add("sidebar-" + sidebar);
|
|||
|
|
</script>
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
<nav id="sidebar" class="sidebar" aria-label="Table of contents">
|
|||
|
|
<div class="sidebar-scrollbox">
|
|||
|
|
<ol class="chapter"><li class="chapter-item expanded affix "><a href="../index.html">Go语言圣经</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded affix "><a href="../preface.html">前言</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../ch1/ch1.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.</strong> 入门</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../ch1/ch1-01.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.1.</strong> Hello, World</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../ch1/ch1-02.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.2.</strong> 命令行参数</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../ch1/ch1-03.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.3.</strong> 查找重复的行</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../ch1/ch1-04.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.4.</strong> GIF动画</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../ch1/ch1-05.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.5.</strong> 获取URL</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../ch1/ch1-06.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.6.</strong> 并发获取多个URL</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../ch1/ch1-07.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.7.</strong> Web服务</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../ch1/ch1-08.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.8.</strong> 本章要点</a></li></ol></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../ch2/ch2.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.</strong> 程序结构</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../ch2/ch2-01.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.1.</strong> 命名</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../ch2/ch2-02.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.2.</strong> 声明</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../ch2/ch2-03.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.3.</strong> 变量</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../ch2/ch2-04.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.4.</strong> 赋值</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../ch2/ch2-05.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.5.</strong> 类型</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../ch2/ch2-06.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.6.</strong> 包和文件</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../ch2/ch2-07.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.7.</strong> 作用域</a></li></ol></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../ch3/ch3.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.</strong> 基础数据类型</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../ch3/ch3-01.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.1.</strong> 整型</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../ch3/ch3-02.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.2.</strong> 浮点数</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../ch3/ch3-03.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.3.</strong> 复数</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../ch3/ch3-04.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.4.</strong> 布尔型</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../ch3/ch3-05.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.5.</strong> 字符串</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../ch3/ch3-06.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.6.</strong> 常量</a></li></ol></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../ch4/ch4.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">4.</strong> 复合数据类型</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../ch4/ch4-01.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">4.1.</strong> 数组</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../ch4/ch4-02.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">4.2.</strong> Slice</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../ch4/ch4-03.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">4.3.</strong> Map</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../ch4/ch4-04.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">4.4.</strong> 结构体</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../ch4/ch4-05.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">4.5.</strong> JSON</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../ch4/ch4-06.html"><strong aria-hidd
|
|||
|
|
<div id="sidebar-resize-handle" class="sidebar-resize-handle"></div>
|
|||
|
|
</nav>
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
<div id="page-wrapper" class="page-wrapper">
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
<div class="page">
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
<div id="menu-bar-hover-placeholder"></div>
|
|||
|
|
<div id="menu-bar" class="menu-bar sticky bordered">
|
|||
|
|
<div class="left-buttons">
|
|||
|
|
<button id="sidebar-toggle" class="icon-button" type="button" title="Toggle Table of Contents" aria-label="Toggle Table of Contents" aria-controls="sidebar">
|
|||
|
|
<i class="fa fa-bars"></i>
|
|||
|
|
</button>
|
|||
|
|
<button id="theme-toggle" class="icon-button" type="button" title="Change theme" aria-label="Change theme" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="theme-list">
|
|||
|
|
<i class="fa fa-paint-brush"></i>
|
|||
|
|
</button>
|
|||
|
|
<ul id="theme-list" class="theme-popup" aria-label="Themes" role="menu">
|
|||
|
|
<li role="none"><button role="menuitem" class="theme" id="light">Light (default)</button></li>
|
|||
|
|
<li role="none"><button role="menuitem" class="theme" id="rust">Rust</button></li>
|
|||
|
|
<li role="none"><button role="menuitem" class="theme" id="coal">Coal</button></li>
|
|||
|
|
<li role="none"><button role="menuitem" class="theme" id="navy">Navy</button></li>
|
|||
|
|
<li role="none"><button role="menuitem" class="theme" id="ayu">Ayu</button></li>
|
|||
|
|
</ul>
|
|||
|
|
<button id="search-toggle" class="icon-button" type="button" title="Search. (Shortkey: s)" aria-label="Toggle Searchbar" aria-expanded="false" aria-keyshortcuts="S" aria-controls="searchbar">
|
|||
|
|
<i class="fa fa-search"></i>
|
|||
|
|
</button>
|
|||
|
|
</div>
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
<h1 class="menu-title">Go语言圣经</h1>
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
<div class="right-buttons">
|
|||
|
|
<a href="../print.html" title="Print this book" aria-label="Print this book">
|
|||
|
|
<i id="print-button" class="fa fa-print"></i>
|
|||
|
|
</a>
|
|||
|
|
<a href="https://github.com/gopl-zh/gopl-zh.github.com" title="Git repository" aria-label="Git repository">
|
|||
|
|
<i id="git-repository-button" class="fa fa-github"></i>
|
|||
|
|
</a>
|
|||
|
|
<a href="https://github.com/gopl-zh/gopl-zh.github.com/edit/master/./ch12/ch12-06.md" title="Suggest an edit" aria-label="Suggest an edit">
|
|||
|
|
<i id="git-edit-button" class="fa fa-edit"></i>
|
|||
|
|
</a>
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
</div>
|
|||
|
|
</div>
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
<div id="search-wrapper" class="hidden">
|
|||
|
|
<form id="searchbar-outer" class="searchbar-outer">
|
|||
|
|
<input type="search" id="searchbar" name="searchbar" placeholder="Search this book ..." aria-controls="searchresults-outer" aria-describedby="searchresults-header">
|
|||
|
|
</form>
|
|||
|
|
<div id="searchresults-outer" class="searchresults-outer hidden">
|
|||
|
|
<div id="searchresults-header" class="searchresults-header"></div>
|
|||
|
|
<ul id="searchresults">
|
|||
|
|
</ul>
|
|||
|
|
</div>
|
|||
|
|
</div>
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
<!-- Apply ARIA attributes after the sidebar and the sidebar toggle button are added to the DOM -->
|
|||
|
|
<script type="text/javascript">
|
|||
|
|
document.getElementById('sidebar-toggle').setAttribute('aria-expanded', sidebar === 'visible');
|
|||
|
|
document.getElementById('sidebar').setAttribute('aria-hidden', sidebar !== 'visible');
|
|||
|
|
Array.from(document.querySelectorAll('#sidebar a')).forEach(function(link) {
|
|||
|
|
link.setAttribute('tabIndex', sidebar === 'visible' ? 0 : -1);
|
|||
|
|
});
|
|||
|
|
</script>
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
<div id="content" class="content">
|
|||
|
|
<!-- Page table of contents -->
|
|||
|
|
<div class="sidetoc"><nav class="pagetoc"></nav></div>
|
|||
|
|
<main>
|
|||
|
|
<!-- 头部 -->
|
|||
|
|
<ul dir="auto">
|
|||
|
|
<li><em>KusonStack一站式可编程配置技术栈: <a href="https://github.com/KusionStack/kusion">https://github.com/KusionStack/kusion</a></em></li>
|
|||
|
|
<li><em>凹语言™: <a href="https://github.com/wa-lang/wa">https://github.com/wa-lang/wa</a></em></li>
|
|||
|
|
</ul>
|
|||
|
|
<hr>
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
<h2 id="126-示例-解码s表达式"><a class="header" href="#126-示例-解码s表达式">12.6. 示例: 解码S表达式</a></h2>
|
|||
|
|
<p>标准库中encoding/...下每个包中提供的Marshal编码函数都有一个对应的Unmarshal函数用于解码。例如，我们在4.5节中看到的，要将包含JSON编码格式的字节slice数据解码为我们自己的Movie类型（§12.3），我们可以这样做：</p>
|
|||
|
|
<pre><code class="language-Go">data := []byte{/* ... */}
|
|||
|
|
var movie Movie
|
|||
|
|
err := json.Unmarshal(data, &movie)
|
|||
|
|
</code></pre>
|
|||
|
|
<p>Unmarshal函数使用了反射机制类修改movie变量的每个成员，根据输入的内容为Movie成员创建对应的map、结构体和slice。</p>
|
|||
|
|
<p>现在让我们为S表达式编码实现一个简易的Unmarshal，类似于前面的json.Unmarshal标准库函数，对应我们之前实现的sexpr.Marshal函数的逆操作。我们必须提醒一下，一个健壮的和通用的实现通常需要比例子更多的代码，为了便于演示我们采用了精简的实现。我们只支持S表达式有限的子集，同时处理错误的方式也比较粗暴，代码的目的是为了演示反射的用法，而不是构造一个实用的S表达式的解码器。</p>
|
|||
|
|
<p>词法分析器lexer使用了标准库中的text/scanner包将输入流的字节数据解析为一个个类似注释、标识符、字符串面值和数字面值之类的标记。输入扫描器scanner的Scan方法将提前扫描和返回下一个记号，对于rune类型。大多数记号，比如“(”，对应一个单一rune可表示的Unicode字符，但是text/scanner也可以用小的负数表示记号标识符、字符串等由多个字符组成的记号。调用Scan方法将返回这些记号的类型，接着调用TokenText方法将返回记号对应的文本内容。</p>
|
|||
|
|
<p>因为每个解析器可能需要多次使用当前的记号，但是Scan会一直向前扫描，所以我们包装了一个lexer扫描器辅助类型，用于跟踪最近由Scan方法返回的记号。</p>
|
|||
|
|
<p><u><i>gopl.io/ch12/sexpr</i></u></p>
|
|||
|
|
<pre><code class="language-Go">type lexer struct {
|
|||
|
|
scan scanner.Scanner
|
|||
|
|
token rune // the current token
|
|||
|
|
}
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
func (lex *lexer) next() { lex.token = lex.scan.Scan() }
|
|||
|
|
func (lex *lexer) text() string { return lex.scan.TokenText() }
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
func (lex *lexer) consume(want rune) {
|
|||
|
|
if lex.token != want { // NOTE: Not an example of good error handling.
|
|||
|
|
panic(fmt.Sprintf("got %q, want %q", lex.text(), want))
|
|||
|
|
}
|
|||
|
|
lex.next()
|
|||
|
|
}
|
|||
|
|
</code></pre>
|
|||
|
|
<p>现在让我们转到语法解析器。它主要包含两个功能。第一个是read函数，用于读取S表达式的当前标记，然后根据S表达式的当前标记更新可取地址的reflect.Value对应的变量v。</p>
|
|||
|
|
<pre><code class="language-Go">func read(lex *lexer, v reflect.Value) {
|
|||
|
|
switch lex.token {
|
|||
|
|
case scanner.Ident:
|
|||
|
|
// The only valid identifiers are
|
|||
|
|
// "nil" and struct field names.
|
|||
|
|
if lex.text() == "nil" {
|
|||
|
|
v.Set(reflect.Zero(v.Type()))
|
|||
|
|
lex.next()
|
|||
|
|
return
|
|||
|
|
}
|
|||
|
|
case scanner.String:
|
|||
|
|
s, _ := strconv.Unquote(lex.text()) // NOTE: ignoring errors
|
|||
|
|
v.SetString(s)
|
|||
|
|
lex.next()
|
|||
|
|
return
|
|||
|
|
case scanner.Int:
|
|||
|
|
i, _ := strconv.Atoi(lex.text()) // NOTE: ignoring errors
|
|||
|
|
v.SetInt(int64(i))
|
|||
|
|
lex.next()
|
|||
|
|
return
|
|||
|
|
case '(':
|
|||
|
|
lex.next()
|
|||
|
|
readList(lex, v)
|
|||
|
|
lex.next() // consume ')'
|
|||
|
|
return
|
|||
|
|
}
|
|||
|
|
panic(fmt.Sprintf("unexpected token %q", lex.text()))
|
|||
|
|
}
|
|||
|
|
</code></pre>
|
|||
|
|
<p>我们的S表达式使用标识符区分两个不同类型，结构体成员名和nil值的指针。read函数值处理nil类型的标识符。当遇到scanner.Ident为“nil”时，使用reflect.Zero函数将变量v设置为零值。而其它任何类型的标识符，我们都作为错误处理。后面的readList函数将处理结构体的成员名。</p>
|
|||
|
|
<p>一个“(”标记对应一个列表的开始。第二个函数readList，将一个列表解码到一个聚合类型中（map、结构体、slice或数组），具体类型依赖于传入待填充变量的类型。每次遇到这种情况，循环继续解析每个元素直到遇到于开始标记匹配的结束标记“)”，endList函数用于检测结束标记。</p>
|
|||
|
|
<p>最有趣的部分是递归。最简单的是对数组类型的处理。直到遇到“)”结束标记，我们使用Index函数来获取数组每个元素的地址，然后递归调用read函数处理。和其它错误类似，如果输入数据导致解码器的引用超出了数组的范围，解码器将抛出panic异常。slice也采用类似方法解析，不同的是我们将为每个元素创建新的变量，然后将元素添加到slice的末尾。</p>
|
|||
|
|
<p>在循环处理结构体和map每个元素时必须解码一个(key value)格式的对应子列表。对于结构体，key部分对于成员的名字。和数组类似，我们使用FieldByName找到结构体对应成员的变量，然后递归调用read函数处理。对于map，key可能是任意类型，对元素的处理方式和slice类似，我们创建一个新的变量，然后递归填充它，最后将新解析到的key/value对添加到map。</p>
|
|||
|
|
<pre><code class="language-Go">func readList(lex *lexer, v reflect.Value) {
|
|||
|
|
switch v.Kind() {
|
|||
|
|
case reflect.Array: // (item ...)
|
|||
|
|
for i := 0; !endList(lex); i++ {
|
|||
|
|
read(lex, v.Index(i))
|
|||
|
|
}
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
case reflect.Slice: // (item ...)
|
|||
|
|
for !endList(lex) {
|
|||
|
|
item := reflect.New(v.Type().Elem()).Elem()
|
|||
|
|
read(lex, item)
|
|||
|
|
v.Set(reflect.Append(v, item))
|
|||
|
|
}
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
case reflect.Struct: // ((name value) ...)
|
|||
|
|
for !endList(lex) {
|
|||
|
|
lex.consume('(')
|
|||
|
|
if lex.token != scanner.Ident {
|
|||
|
|
panic(fmt.Sprintf("got token %q, want field name", lex.text()))
|
|||
|
|
}
|
|||
|
|
name := lex.text()
|
|||
|
|
lex.next()
|
|||
|
|
read(lex, v.FieldByName(name))
|
|||
|
|
lex.consume(')')
|
|||
|
|
}
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
case reflect.Map: // ((key value) ...)
|
|||
|
|
v.Set(reflect.MakeMap(v.Type()))
|
|||
|
|
for !endList(lex) {
|
|||
|
|
lex.consume('(')
|
|||
|
|
key := reflect.New(v.Type().Key()).Elem()
|
|||
|
|
read(lex, key)
|
|||
|
|
value := reflect.New(v.Type().Elem()).Elem()
|
|||
|
|
read(lex, value)
|
|||
|
|
v.SetMapIndex(key, value)
|
|||
|
|
lex.consume(')')
|
|||
|
|
}
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
default:
|
|||
|
|
panic(fmt.Sprintf("cannot decode list into %v", v.Type()))
|
|||
|
|
}
|
|||
|
|
}
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
func endList(lex *lexer) bool {
|
|||
|
|
switch lex.token {
|
|||
|
|
case scanner.EOF:
|
|||
|
|
panic("end of file")
|
|||
|
|
case ')':
|
|||
|
|
return true
|
|||
|
|
}
|
|||
|
|
return false
|
|||
|
|
}
|
|||
|
|
</code></pre>
|
|||
|
|
<p>最后，我们将解析器包装为导出的Unmarshal解码函数，隐藏了一些初始化和清理等边缘处理。内部解析器以panic的方式抛出错误，但是Unmarshal函数通过在defer语句调用recover函数来捕获内部panic（§5.10），然后返回一个对panic对应的错误信息。</p>
|
|||
|
|
<pre><code class="language-Go">// Unmarshal parses S-expression data and populates the variable
|
|||
|
|
// whose address is in the non-nil pointer out.
|
|||
|
|
func Unmarshal(data []byte, out interface{}) (err error) {
|
|||
|
|
lex := &lexer{scan: scanner.Scanner{Mode: scanner.GoTokens}}
|
|||
|
|
lex.scan.Init(bytes.NewReader(data))
|
|||
|
|
lex.next() // get the first token
|
|||
|
|
defer func() {
|
|||
|
|
// NOTE: this is not an example of ideal error handling.
|
|||
|
|
if x := recover(); x != nil {
|
|||
|
|
err = fmt.Errorf("error at %s: %v", lex.scan.Position, x)
|
|||
|
|
}
|
|||
|
|
}()
|
|||
|
|
read(lex, reflect.ValueOf(out).Elem())
|
|||
|
|
return nil
|
|||
|
|
}
|
|||
|
|
</code></pre>
|
|||
|
|
<p>生产实现不应该对任何输入问题都用panic形式报告，而且应该报告一些错误相关的信息，例如出现错误输入的行号和位置等。尽管如此，我们希望通过这个例子来展示类似encoding/json等包底层代码的实现思路，以及如何使用反射机制来填充数据结构。</p>
|
|||
|
|
<p><strong>练习 12.8：</strong> sexpr.Unmarshal函数和json.Unmarshal一样，都要求在解码前输入完整的字节slice。定义一个和json.Decoder类似的sexpr.Decoder类型，支持从一个io.Reader流解码。修改sexpr.Unmarshal函数，使用这个新的类型实现。</p>
|
|||
|
|
<p><strong>练习 12.9：</strong> 编写一个基于标记的API用于解码S表达式，参考xml.Decoder（7.14）的风格。你将需要五种类型的标记：Symbol、String、Int、StartList和EndList。</p>
|
|||
|
|
<p><strong>练习 12.10：</strong> 扩展sexpr.Unmarshal函数，支持布尔型、浮点数和interface类型的解码，使用 <strong>练习 12.3：</strong> 的方案。（提示：要解码接口，你需要将name映射到每个支持类型的reflect.Type。）</p>
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
<!-- 公众号 -->
|
|||
|
|
<hr>
|
|||
|
|
<table>
|
|||
|
|
<tr>
|
|||
|
|
<td>
|
|||
|
|
<img width="222px" src="https://chai2010.cn/advanced-go-programming-book/css.png">
|
|||
|
|
</td>
|
|||
|
|
<td>
|
|||
|
|
<img width="222px" src="https://chai2010.cn/advanced-go-programming-book/cch.png">
|
|||
|
|
</td>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
</table>
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
<div id="giscus-container"></div>
|
|||
|
|
<footer class="page-footer">
|
|||
|
|
<span>© 2015-2016 | <a href="https://github.com/gopl-zh"> Go语言圣经中文版</a>, 仅学习交流使用</span>
|
|||
|
|
</footer>
|
|||
|
|
</main>
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
<nav class="nav-wrapper" aria-label="Page navigation">
|
|||
|
|
<!-- Mobile navigation buttons -->
|
|||
|
|
<a rel="prev" href="../ch12/ch12-05.html" class="mobile-nav-chapters previous" title="Previous chapter" aria-label="Previous chapter" aria-keyshortcuts="Left">
|
|||
|
|
<i class="fa fa-angle-left"></i>
|
|||
|
|
</a>
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
<a rel="next" href="../ch12/ch12-08.html" class="mobile-nav-chapters next" title="Next chapter" aria-label="Next chapter" aria-keyshortcuts="Right">
|
|||
|
|
<i class="fa fa-angle-right"></i>
|
|||
|
|
</a>
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
<div style="clear: both"></div>
|
|||
|
|
</nav>
|
|||
|
|
</div>
|
|||
|
|
</div>
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
<nav class="nav-wide-wrapper" aria-label="Page navigation">
|
|||
|
|
<a rel="prev" href="../ch12/ch12-05.html" class="nav-chapters previous" title="Previous chapter" aria-label="Previous chapter" aria-keyshortcuts="Left">
|
|||
|
|
<i class="fa fa-angle-left"></i>
|
|||
|
|
</a>
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
<a rel="next" href="../ch12/ch12-08.html" class="nav-chapters next" title="Next chapter" aria-label="Next chapter" aria-keyshortcuts="Right">
|
|||
|
|
<i class="fa fa-angle-right"></i>
|
|||
|
|
</a>
|
|||
|
|
</nav>
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
</div>
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
<script type="text/javascript">
|
|||
|
|
window.playground_copyable = true;
|
|||
|
|
</script>
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
<script src="../elasticlunr.min.js" type="text/javascript" charset="utf-8"></script>
|
|||
|
|
<script src="../mark.min.js" type="text/javascript" charset="utf-8"></script>
|
|||
|
|
<script src="../searcher.js" type="text/javascript" charset="utf-8"></script>
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
<script src="../clipboard.min.js" type="text/javascript" charset="utf-8"></script>
|
|||
|
|
<script src="../highlight.js" type="text/javascript" charset="utf-8"></script>
|
|||
|
|
<script src="../book.js" type="text/javascript" charset="utf-8"></script>
|
|||
|
|
<script type="text/javascript" charset="utf-8">
|
|||
|
|
var pagePath = "ch12/ch12-06.md"
|
|||
|
|
</script>
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
<!-- Custom JS scripts -->
|
|||
|
|
<script type="text/javascript" src="../js/custom.js"></script>
|
|||
|
|
<script type="text/javascript" src="../js/bigPicture.js"></script>
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
</body>
|
|||
|
|
</html>
|