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<ol class="chapter"><li class="chapter-item expanded affix "><a href="../index.html">Go语言圣经</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded affix "><a href="../preface.html">前言</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../ch1/ch1.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.</strong> 入门</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../ch1/ch1-01.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.1.</strong> Hello, World</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../ch1/ch1-02.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.2.</strong> 命令行参数</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../ch1/ch1-03.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.3.</strong> 查找重复的行</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../ch1/ch1-04.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.4.</strong> GIF动画</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../ch1/ch1-05.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.5.</strong> 获取URL</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../ch1/ch1-06.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.6.</strong> 并发获取多个URL</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../ch1/ch1-07.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.7.</strong> Web服务</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../ch1/ch1-08.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.8.</strong> 本章要点</a></li></ol></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../ch2/ch2.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.</strong> 程序结构</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../ch2/ch2-01.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.1.</strong> 命名</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../ch2/ch2-02.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.2.</strong> 声明</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../ch2/ch2-03.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.3.</strong> 变量</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../ch2/ch2-04.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.4.</strong> 赋值</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../ch2/ch2-05.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.5.</strong> 类型</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../ch2/ch2-06.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.6.</strong> 包和文件</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../ch2/ch2-07.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.7.</strong> 作用域</a></li></ol></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../ch3/ch3.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.</strong> 基础数据类型</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../ch3/ch3-01.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.1.</strong> 整型</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../ch3/ch3-02.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.2.</strong> 浮点数</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../ch3/ch3-03.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.3.</strong> 复数</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../ch3/ch3-04.html" class="active"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.4.</strong> 布尔型</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../ch3/ch3-05.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.5.</strong> 字符串</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../ch3/ch3-06.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.6.</strong> 常量</a></li></ol></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../ch4/ch4.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">4.</strong> 复合数据类型</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../ch4/ch4-01.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">4.1.</strong> 数组</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../ch4/ch4-02.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">4.2.</strong> Slice</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../ch4/ch4-03.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">4.3.</strong> Map</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../ch4/ch4-04.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">4.4.</strong> 结构体</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../ch4/ch4-05.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">4.5.</strong> JSON</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../ch4/ch4-06.html"><s
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<li><em>KusonStack一站式可编程配置技术栈: <a href="https://github.com/KusionStack/kusion">https://github.com/KusionStack/kusion</a></em></li>
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<li><em>凹语言™: <a href="https://github.com/wa-lang/wa">https://github.com/wa-lang/wa</a></em></li>
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<h2 id="34-布尔型"><a class="header" href="#34-布尔型">3.4. 布尔型</a></h2>
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<p>一个布尔类型的值只有两种：true和false。if和for语句的条件部分都是布尔类型的值，并且==和<等比较操作也会产生布尔型的值。一元操作符<code>!</code>对应逻辑非操作，因此<code>!true</code>的值为<code>false</code>，更罗嗦的说法是<code>(!true==false)==true</code>，虽然表达方式不一样，不过我们一般会采用简洁的布尔表达式，就像用x来表示<code>x==true</code>。</p>
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<p>布尔值可以和&&（AND）和||（OR）操作符结合，并且有短路行为：如果运算符左边值已经可以确定整个布尔表达式的值，那么运算符右边的值将不再被求值，因此下面的表达式总是安全的：</p>
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<pre><code class="language-Go">s != "" && s[0] == 'x'
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</code></pre>
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<p>其中s[0]操作如果应用于空字符串将会导致panic异常。</p>
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<p>因为<code>&&</code>的优先级比<code>||</code>高（助记：<code>&&</code>对应逻辑乘法，<code>||</code>对应逻辑加法，乘法比加法优先级要高），下面形式的布尔表达式是不需要加小括弧的：</p>
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<pre><code class="language-Go">if 'a' <= c && c <= 'z' ||
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'A' <= c && c <= 'Z' ||
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'0' <= c && c <= '9' {
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// ...ASCII letter or digit...
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}
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</code></pre>
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<p>布尔值并不会隐式转换为数字值0或1，反之亦然。必须使用一个显式的if语句辅助转换：</p>
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<pre><code class="language-Go">i := 0
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if b {
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i = 1
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}
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</code></pre>
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<p>如果需要经常做类似的转换，包装成一个函数会更方便：</p>
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<pre><code class="language-Go">// btoi returns 1 if b is true and 0 if false.
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func btoi(b bool) int {
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if b {
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return 1
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}
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return 0
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}
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</code></pre>
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<p>数字到布尔型的逆转换则非常简单，不过为了保持对称，我们也可以包装一个函数：</p>
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<pre><code class="language-Go">// itob reports whether i is non-zero.
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func itob(i int) bool { return i != 0 }
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</code></pre>
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