mirror of
https://github.com/gopl-zh/gopl-zh.github.com.git
synced 2024-11-05 05:53:45 +00:00
2175 lines
71 KiB
HTML
2175 lines
71 KiB
HTML
<!DOCTYPE HTML>
|
|
<html lang="zh-tw" >
|
|
|
|
<head>
|
|
|
|
<meta charset="UTF-8">
|
|
<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge" />
|
|
<title>接口是閤約 | Go编程语言</title>
|
|
<meta content="text/html; charset=utf-8" http-equiv="Content-Type">
|
|
<meta name="description" content="">
|
|
<meta name="generator" content="GitBook 2.5.2">
|
|
|
|
|
|
<meta name="HandheldFriendly" content="true"/>
|
|
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, user-scalable=no">
|
|
<meta name="apple-mobile-web-app-capable" content="yes">
|
|
<meta name="apple-mobile-web-app-status-bar-style" content="black">
|
|
<link rel="apple-touch-icon-precomposed" sizes="152x152" href="../gitbook/images/apple-touch-icon-precomposed-152.png">
|
|
<link rel="shortcut icon" href="../gitbook/images/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon">
|
|
|
|
<link rel="stylesheet" href="../gitbook/style.css">
|
|
|
|
|
|
<link rel="stylesheet" href="../gitbook/plugins/gitbook-plugin-highlight/website.css">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<link rel="stylesheet" href="../gitbook/plugins/gitbook-plugin-search/search.css">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<link rel="stylesheet" href="../gitbook/plugins/gitbook-plugin-fontsettings/website.css">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<link rel="next" href="../ch7/ch7-02.html" />
|
|
|
|
|
|
<link rel="prev" href="../ch7/ch7.html" />
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
</head>
|
|
<body>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<div class="book" data-level="7.1" data-chapter-title="接口是閤約" data-filepath="ch7/ch7-01.md" data-basepath=".." data-revision="Mon Dec 14 2015 11:30:54 GMT+0800 (中国标准时间)">
|
|
|
|
|
|
<div class="book-summary">
|
|
<nav role="navigation">
|
|
<ul class="summary">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="0" data-path="index.html">
|
|
|
|
|
|
<a href="../index.html">
|
|
|
|
<i class="fa fa-check"></i>
|
|
|
|
前言
|
|
</a>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<ul class="articles">
|
|
|
|
|
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="0.1" data-path="ch0/ch0-01.html">
|
|
|
|
|
|
<a href="../ch0/ch0-01.html">
|
|
|
|
<i class="fa fa-check"></i>
|
|
|
|
<b>0.1.</b>
|
|
|
|
Go語言起源
|
|
</a>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="0.2" data-path="ch0/ch0-02.html">
|
|
|
|
|
|
<a href="../ch0/ch0-02.html">
|
|
|
|
<i class="fa fa-check"></i>
|
|
|
|
<b>0.2.</b>
|
|
|
|
Go語言項目
|
|
</a>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="0.3" data-path="ch0/ch0-03.html">
|
|
|
|
|
|
<a href="../ch0/ch0-03.html">
|
|
|
|
<i class="fa fa-check"></i>
|
|
|
|
<b>0.3.</b>
|
|
|
|
本書的組織
|
|
</a>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="0.4" data-path="ch0/ch0-04.html">
|
|
|
|
|
|
<a href="../ch0/ch0-04.html">
|
|
|
|
<i class="fa fa-check"></i>
|
|
|
|
<b>0.4.</b>
|
|
|
|
更多的信息
|
|
</a>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="0.5" data-path="ch0/ch0-05.html">
|
|
|
|
|
|
<a href="../ch0/ch0-05.html">
|
|
|
|
<i class="fa fa-check"></i>
|
|
|
|
<b>0.5.</b>
|
|
|
|
緻謝
|
|
</a>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</ul>
|
|
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="1" data-path="ch1/ch1.html">
|
|
|
|
|
|
<a href="../ch1/ch1.html">
|
|
|
|
<i class="fa fa-check"></i>
|
|
|
|
<b>1.</b>
|
|
|
|
入門
|
|
</a>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<ul class="articles">
|
|
|
|
|
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.1" data-path="ch1/ch1-01.html">
|
|
|
|
|
|
<a href="../ch1/ch1-01.html">
|
|
|
|
<i class="fa fa-check"></i>
|
|
|
|
<b>1.1.</b>
|
|
|
|
Hello, World
|
|
</a>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.2" data-path="ch1/ch1-02.html">
|
|
|
|
|
|
<a href="../ch1/ch1-02.html">
|
|
|
|
<i class="fa fa-check"></i>
|
|
|
|
<b>1.2.</b>
|
|
|
|
命令行參數
|
|
</a>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.3" data-path="ch1/ch1-03.html">
|
|
|
|
|
|
<a href="../ch1/ch1-03.html">
|
|
|
|
<i class="fa fa-check"></i>
|
|
|
|
<b>1.3.</b>
|
|
|
|
査找重復的行
|
|
</a>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4" data-path="ch1/ch1-04.html">
|
|
|
|
|
|
<a href="../ch1/ch1-04.html">
|
|
|
|
<i class="fa fa-check"></i>
|
|
|
|
<b>1.4.</b>
|
|
|
|
GIF動畫
|
|
</a>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.5" data-path="ch1/ch1-05.html">
|
|
|
|
|
|
<a href="../ch1/ch1-05.html">
|
|
|
|
<i class="fa fa-check"></i>
|
|
|
|
<b>1.5.</b>
|
|
|
|
穫取URL
|
|
</a>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.6" data-path="ch1/ch1-06.html">
|
|
|
|
|
|
<a href="../ch1/ch1-06.html">
|
|
|
|
<i class="fa fa-check"></i>
|
|
|
|
<b>1.6.</b>
|
|
|
|
併髮穫取多個URL
|
|
</a>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.7" data-path="ch1/ch1-07.html">
|
|
|
|
|
|
<a href="../ch1/ch1-07.html">
|
|
|
|
<i class="fa fa-check"></i>
|
|
|
|
<b>1.7.</b>
|
|
|
|
Web服務
|
|
</a>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.8" data-path="ch1/ch1-08.html">
|
|
|
|
|
|
<a href="../ch1/ch1-08.html">
|
|
|
|
<i class="fa fa-check"></i>
|
|
|
|
<b>1.8.</b>
|
|
|
|
本章要點
|
|
</a>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</ul>
|
|
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="2" data-path="ch2/ch2.html">
|
|
|
|
|
|
<a href="../ch2/ch2.html">
|
|
|
|
<i class="fa fa-check"></i>
|
|
|
|
<b>2.</b>
|
|
|
|
程序結構
|
|
</a>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<ul class="articles">
|
|
|
|
|
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="2.1" data-path="ch2/ch2-01.html">
|
|
|
|
|
|
<a href="../ch2/ch2-01.html">
|
|
|
|
<i class="fa fa-check"></i>
|
|
|
|
<b>2.1.</b>
|
|
|
|
命名
|
|
</a>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="2.2" data-path="ch2/ch2-02.html">
|
|
|
|
|
|
<a href="../ch2/ch2-02.html">
|
|
|
|
<i class="fa fa-check"></i>
|
|
|
|
<b>2.2.</b>
|
|
|
|
聲明
|
|
</a>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="2.3" data-path="ch2/ch2-03.html">
|
|
|
|
|
|
<a href="../ch2/ch2-03.html">
|
|
|
|
<i class="fa fa-check"></i>
|
|
|
|
<b>2.3.</b>
|
|
|
|
變量
|
|
</a>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="2.4" data-path="ch2/ch2-04.html">
|
|
|
|
|
|
<a href="../ch2/ch2-04.html">
|
|
|
|
<i class="fa fa-check"></i>
|
|
|
|
<b>2.4.</b>
|
|
|
|
賦值
|
|
</a>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="2.5" data-path="ch2/ch2-05.html">
|
|
|
|
|
|
<a href="../ch2/ch2-05.html">
|
|
|
|
<i class="fa fa-check"></i>
|
|
|
|
<b>2.5.</b>
|
|
|
|
類型
|
|
</a>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="2.6" data-path="ch2/ch2-06.html">
|
|
|
|
|
|
<a href="../ch2/ch2-06.html">
|
|
|
|
<i class="fa fa-check"></i>
|
|
|
|
<b>2.6.</b>
|
|
|
|
包和文件
|
|
</a>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="2.7" data-path="ch2/ch2-07.html">
|
|
|
|
|
|
<a href="../ch2/ch2-07.html">
|
|
|
|
<i class="fa fa-check"></i>
|
|
|
|
<b>2.7.</b>
|
|
|
|
作用域
|
|
</a>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</ul>
|
|
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="3" data-path="ch3/ch3.html">
|
|
|
|
|
|
<a href="../ch3/ch3.html">
|
|
|
|
<i class="fa fa-check"></i>
|
|
|
|
<b>3.</b>
|
|
|
|
基礎數據類型
|
|
</a>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<ul class="articles">
|
|
|
|
|
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.1" data-path="ch3/ch3-01.html">
|
|
|
|
|
|
<a href="../ch3/ch3-01.html">
|
|
|
|
<i class="fa fa-check"></i>
|
|
|
|
<b>3.1.</b>
|
|
|
|
整型
|
|
</a>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.2" data-path="ch3/ch3-02.html">
|
|
|
|
|
|
<a href="../ch3/ch3-02.html">
|
|
|
|
<i class="fa fa-check"></i>
|
|
|
|
<b>3.2.</b>
|
|
|
|
浮點數
|
|
</a>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.3" data-path="ch3/ch3-03.html">
|
|
|
|
|
|
<a href="../ch3/ch3-03.html">
|
|
|
|
<i class="fa fa-check"></i>
|
|
|
|
<b>3.3.</b>
|
|
|
|
復數
|
|
</a>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.4" data-path="ch3/ch3-04.html">
|
|
|
|
|
|
<a href="../ch3/ch3-04.html">
|
|
|
|
<i class="fa fa-check"></i>
|
|
|
|
<b>3.4.</b>
|
|
|
|
佈爾型
|
|
</a>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.5" data-path="ch3/ch3-05.html">
|
|
|
|
|
|
<a href="../ch3/ch3-05.html">
|
|
|
|
<i class="fa fa-check"></i>
|
|
|
|
<b>3.5.</b>
|
|
|
|
字符串
|
|
</a>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.6" data-path="ch3/ch3-06.html">
|
|
|
|
|
|
<a href="../ch3/ch3-06.html">
|
|
|
|
<i class="fa fa-check"></i>
|
|
|
|
<b>3.6.</b>
|
|
|
|
常量
|
|
</a>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</ul>
|
|
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="4" data-path="ch4/ch4.html">
|
|
|
|
|
|
<a href="../ch4/ch4.html">
|
|
|
|
<i class="fa fa-check"></i>
|
|
|
|
<b>4.</b>
|
|
|
|
復閤數據類型
|
|
</a>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<ul class="articles">
|
|
|
|
|
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.1" data-path="ch4/ch4-01.html">
|
|
|
|
|
|
<a href="../ch4/ch4-01.html">
|
|
|
|
<i class="fa fa-check"></i>
|
|
|
|
<b>4.1.</b>
|
|
|
|
數組
|
|
</a>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.2" data-path="ch4/ch4-02.html">
|
|
|
|
|
|
<a href="../ch4/ch4-02.html">
|
|
|
|
<i class="fa fa-check"></i>
|
|
|
|
<b>4.2.</b>
|
|
|
|
切片
|
|
</a>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.3" data-path="ch4/ch4-03.html">
|
|
|
|
|
|
<a href="../ch4/ch4-03.html">
|
|
|
|
<i class="fa fa-check"></i>
|
|
|
|
<b>4.3.</b>
|
|
|
|
字典
|
|
</a>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.4" data-path="ch4/ch4-04.html">
|
|
|
|
|
|
<a href="../ch4/ch4-04.html">
|
|
|
|
<i class="fa fa-check"></i>
|
|
|
|
<b>4.4.</b>
|
|
|
|
結構體
|
|
</a>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.5" data-path="ch4/ch4-05.html">
|
|
|
|
|
|
<a href="../ch4/ch4-05.html">
|
|
|
|
<i class="fa fa-check"></i>
|
|
|
|
<b>4.5.</b>
|
|
|
|
JSON
|
|
</a>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.6" data-path="ch4/ch4-06.html">
|
|
|
|
|
|
<a href="../ch4/ch4-06.html">
|
|
|
|
<i class="fa fa-check"></i>
|
|
|
|
<b>4.6.</b>
|
|
|
|
文本和HTML模闆
|
|
</a>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</ul>
|
|
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="5" data-path="ch5/ch5.html">
|
|
|
|
|
|
<a href="../ch5/ch5.html">
|
|
|
|
<i class="fa fa-check"></i>
|
|
|
|
<b>5.</b>
|
|
|
|
函數
|
|
</a>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<ul class="articles">
|
|
|
|
|
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.1" data-path="ch5/ch5-01.html">
|
|
|
|
|
|
<a href="../ch5/ch5-01.html">
|
|
|
|
<i class="fa fa-check"></i>
|
|
|
|
<b>5.1.</b>
|
|
|
|
函數聲明
|
|
</a>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.2" data-path="ch5/ch5-02.html">
|
|
|
|
|
|
<a href="../ch5/ch5-02.html">
|
|
|
|
<i class="fa fa-check"></i>
|
|
|
|
<b>5.2.</b>
|
|
|
|
遞歸
|
|
</a>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.3" data-path="ch5/ch5-03.html">
|
|
|
|
|
|
<a href="../ch5/ch5-03.html">
|
|
|
|
<i class="fa fa-check"></i>
|
|
|
|
<b>5.3.</b>
|
|
|
|
多返迴值
|
|
</a>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.4" data-path="ch5/ch5-04.html">
|
|
|
|
|
|
<a href="../ch5/ch5-04.html">
|
|
|
|
<i class="fa fa-check"></i>
|
|
|
|
<b>5.4.</b>
|
|
|
|
錯誤
|
|
</a>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.5" data-path="ch5/ch5-05.html">
|
|
|
|
|
|
<a href="../ch5/ch5-05.html">
|
|
|
|
<i class="fa fa-check"></i>
|
|
|
|
<b>5.5.</b>
|
|
|
|
函數值
|
|
</a>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.6" data-path="ch5/ch5-06.html">
|
|
|
|
|
|
<a href="../ch5/ch5-06.html">
|
|
|
|
<i class="fa fa-check"></i>
|
|
|
|
<b>5.6.</b>
|
|
|
|
匿名函數
|
|
</a>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.7" data-path="ch5/ch5-07.html">
|
|
|
|
|
|
<a href="../ch5/ch5-07.html">
|
|
|
|
<i class="fa fa-check"></i>
|
|
|
|
<b>5.7.</b>
|
|
|
|
可變參數
|
|
</a>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.8" data-path="ch5/ch5-08.html">
|
|
|
|
|
|
<a href="../ch5/ch5-08.html">
|
|
|
|
<i class="fa fa-check"></i>
|
|
|
|
<b>5.8.</b>
|
|
|
|
Deferred函數
|
|
</a>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.9" data-path="ch5/ch5-09.html">
|
|
|
|
|
|
<a href="../ch5/ch5-09.html">
|
|
|
|
<i class="fa fa-check"></i>
|
|
|
|
<b>5.9.</b>
|
|
|
|
Panic異常
|
|
</a>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.10" data-path="ch5/ch5-10.html">
|
|
|
|
|
|
<a href="../ch5/ch5-10.html">
|
|
|
|
<i class="fa fa-check"></i>
|
|
|
|
<b>5.10.</b>
|
|
|
|
Recover捕穫異常
|
|
</a>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</ul>
|
|
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="6" data-path="ch6/ch6.html">
|
|
|
|
|
|
<a href="../ch6/ch6.html">
|
|
|
|
<i class="fa fa-check"></i>
|
|
|
|
<b>6.</b>
|
|
|
|
方法
|
|
</a>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<ul class="articles">
|
|
|
|
|
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.1" data-path="ch6/ch6-01.html">
|
|
|
|
|
|
<a href="../ch6/ch6-01.html">
|
|
|
|
<i class="fa fa-check"></i>
|
|
|
|
<b>6.1.</b>
|
|
|
|
方法聲明
|
|
</a>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.2" data-path="ch6/ch6-02.html">
|
|
|
|
|
|
<a href="../ch6/ch6-02.html">
|
|
|
|
<i class="fa fa-check"></i>
|
|
|
|
<b>6.2.</b>
|
|
|
|
基於指鍼對象的方法
|
|
</a>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.3" data-path="ch6/ch6-03.html">
|
|
|
|
|
|
<a href="../ch6/ch6-03.html">
|
|
|
|
<i class="fa fa-check"></i>
|
|
|
|
<b>6.3.</b>
|
|
|
|
通過嵌入結構體來擴展類型
|
|
</a>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.4" data-path="ch6/ch6-04.html">
|
|
|
|
|
|
<a href="../ch6/ch6-04.html">
|
|
|
|
<i class="fa fa-check"></i>
|
|
|
|
<b>6.4.</b>
|
|
|
|
方法值和方法錶達式
|
|
</a>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.5" data-path="ch6/ch6-05.html">
|
|
|
|
|
|
<a href="../ch6/ch6-05.html">
|
|
|
|
<i class="fa fa-check"></i>
|
|
|
|
<b>6.5.</b>
|
|
|
|
示例: Bit數組
|
|
</a>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.6" data-path="ch6/ch6-06.html">
|
|
|
|
|
|
<a href="../ch6/ch6-06.html">
|
|
|
|
<i class="fa fa-check"></i>
|
|
|
|
<b>6.6.</b>
|
|
|
|
封裝
|
|
</a>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</ul>
|
|
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="7" data-path="ch7/ch7.html">
|
|
|
|
|
|
<a href="../ch7/ch7.html">
|
|
|
|
<i class="fa fa-check"></i>
|
|
|
|
<b>7.</b>
|
|
|
|
接口
|
|
</a>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<ul class="articles">
|
|
|
|
|
|
<li class="chapter active" data-level="7.1" data-path="ch7/ch7-01.html">
|
|
|
|
|
|
<a href="../ch7/ch7-01.html">
|
|
|
|
<i class="fa fa-check"></i>
|
|
|
|
<b>7.1.</b>
|
|
|
|
接口是閤約
|
|
</a>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="7.2" data-path="ch7/ch7-02.html">
|
|
|
|
|
|
<a href="../ch7/ch7-02.html">
|
|
|
|
<i class="fa fa-check"></i>
|
|
|
|
<b>7.2.</b>
|
|
|
|
接口類型
|
|
</a>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="7.3" data-path="ch7/ch7-03.html">
|
|
|
|
|
|
<a href="../ch7/ch7-03.html">
|
|
|
|
<i class="fa fa-check"></i>
|
|
|
|
<b>7.3.</b>
|
|
|
|
實現接口的條件
|
|
</a>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="7.4" data-path="ch7/ch7-04.html">
|
|
|
|
|
|
<a href="../ch7/ch7-04.html">
|
|
|
|
<i class="fa fa-check"></i>
|
|
|
|
<b>7.4.</b>
|
|
|
|
flag.Value接口
|
|
</a>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="7.5" data-path="ch7/ch7-05.html">
|
|
|
|
|
|
<a href="../ch7/ch7-05.html">
|
|
|
|
<i class="fa fa-check"></i>
|
|
|
|
<b>7.5.</b>
|
|
|
|
接口值
|
|
</a>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="7.6" data-path="ch7/ch7-06.html">
|
|
|
|
|
|
<a href="../ch7/ch7-06.html">
|
|
|
|
<i class="fa fa-check"></i>
|
|
|
|
<b>7.6.</b>
|
|
|
|
sort.Interface接口
|
|
</a>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="7.7" data-path="ch7/ch7-07.html">
|
|
|
|
|
|
<a href="../ch7/ch7-07.html">
|
|
|
|
<i class="fa fa-check"></i>
|
|
|
|
<b>7.7.</b>
|
|
|
|
http.Handler接口
|
|
</a>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="7.8" data-path="ch7/ch7-08.html">
|
|
|
|
|
|
<a href="../ch7/ch7-08.html">
|
|
|
|
<i class="fa fa-check"></i>
|
|
|
|
<b>7.8.</b>
|
|
|
|
error接口
|
|
</a>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="7.9" data-path="ch7/ch7-09.html">
|
|
|
|
|
|
<a href="../ch7/ch7-09.html">
|
|
|
|
<i class="fa fa-check"></i>
|
|
|
|
<b>7.9.</b>
|
|
|
|
示例: 錶達式求值
|
|
</a>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="7.10" data-path="ch7/ch7-10.html">
|
|
|
|
|
|
<a href="../ch7/ch7-10.html">
|
|
|
|
<i class="fa fa-check"></i>
|
|
|
|
<b>7.10.</b>
|
|
|
|
類型斷言
|
|
</a>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="7.11" data-path="ch7/ch7-11.html">
|
|
|
|
|
|
<a href="../ch7/ch7-11.html">
|
|
|
|
<i class="fa fa-check"></i>
|
|
|
|
<b>7.11.</b>
|
|
|
|
基於類型斷言識彆錯誤類型
|
|
</a>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="7.12" data-path="ch7/ch7-12.html">
|
|
|
|
|
|
<a href="../ch7/ch7-12.html">
|
|
|
|
<i class="fa fa-check"></i>
|
|
|
|
<b>7.12.</b>
|
|
|
|
通過類型斷言査詢接口
|
|
</a>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="7.13" data-path="ch7/ch7-13.html">
|
|
|
|
|
|
<a href="../ch7/ch7-13.html">
|
|
|
|
<i class="fa fa-check"></i>
|
|
|
|
<b>7.13.</b>
|
|
|
|
類型分支
|
|
</a>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="7.14" data-path="ch7/ch7-14.html">
|
|
|
|
|
|
<a href="../ch7/ch7-14.html">
|
|
|
|
<i class="fa fa-check"></i>
|
|
|
|
<b>7.14.</b>
|
|
|
|
示例: 基於標記的XML解碼
|
|
</a>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="7.15" data-path="ch7/ch7-15.html">
|
|
|
|
|
|
<a href="../ch7/ch7-15.html">
|
|
|
|
<i class="fa fa-check"></i>
|
|
|
|
<b>7.15.</b>
|
|
|
|
補充幾點
|
|
</a>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</ul>
|
|
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="8" data-path="ch8/ch8.html">
|
|
|
|
|
|
<a href="../ch8/ch8.html">
|
|
|
|
<i class="fa fa-check"></i>
|
|
|
|
<b>8.</b>
|
|
|
|
Goroutines和Channels
|
|
</a>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<ul class="articles">
|
|
|
|
|
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="8.1" data-path="ch8/ch8-01.html">
|
|
|
|
|
|
<a href="../ch8/ch8-01.html">
|
|
|
|
<i class="fa fa-check"></i>
|
|
|
|
<b>8.1.</b>
|
|
|
|
Goroutines
|
|
</a>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="8.2" data-path="ch8/ch8-02.html">
|
|
|
|
|
|
<a href="../ch8/ch8-02.html">
|
|
|
|
<i class="fa fa-check"></i>
|
|
|
|
<b>8.2.</b>
|
|
|
|
示例: 併髮的Clock服務
|
|
</a>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="8.3" data-path="ch8/ch8-03.html">
|
|
|
|
|
|
<a href="../ch8/ch8-03.html">
|
|
|
|
<i class="fa fa-check"></i>
|
|
|
|
<b>8.3.</b>
|
|
|
|
示例: 併髮的Echo服務
|
|
</a>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="8.4" data-path="ch8/ch8-04.html">
|
|
|
|
|
|
<a href="../ch8/ch8-04.html">
|
|
|
|
<i class="fa fa-check"></i>
|
|
|
|
<b>8.4.</b>
|
|
|
|
Channels
|
|
</a>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="8.5" data-path="ch8/ch8-05.html">
|
|
|
|
|
|
<a href="../ch8/ch8-05.html">
|
|
|
|
<i class="fa fa-check"></i>
|
|
|
|
<b>8.5.</b>
|
|
|
|
併行的循環
|
|
</a>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="8.6" data-path="ch8/ch8-06.html">
|
|
|
|
|
|
<a href="../ch8/ch8-06.html">
|
|
|
|
<i class="fa fa-check"></i>
|
|
|
|
<b>8.6.</b>
|
|
|
|
示例: 併髮的Web爬蟲
|
|
</a>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="8.7" data-path="ch8/ch8-07.html">
|
|
|
|
|
|
<a href="../ch8/ch8-07.html">
|
|
|
|
<i class="fa fa-check"></i>
|
|
|
|
<b>8.7.</b>
|
|
|
|
基於select的多路復用
|
|
</a>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="8.8" data-path="ch8/ch8-08.html">
|
|
|
|
|
|
<a href="../ch8/ch8-08.html">
|
|
|
|
<i class="fa fa-check"></i>
|
|
|
|
<b>8.8.</b>
|
|
|
|
示例: 併髮的字典遍歷
|
|
</a>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="8.9" data-path="ch8/ch8-09.html">
|
|
|
|
|
|
<a href="../ch8/ch8-09.html">
|
|
|
|
<i class="fa fa-check"></i>
|
|
|
|
<b>8.9.</b>
|
|
|
|
併髮的退齣
|
|
</a>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="8.10" data-path="ch8/ch8-10.html">
|
|
|
|
|
|
<a href="../ch8/ch8-10.html">
|
|
|
|
<i class="fa fa-check"></i>
|
|
|
|
<b>8.10.</b>
|
|
|
|
示例: 聊天服務
|
|
</a>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</ul>
|
|
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="9" data-path="ch9/ch9.html">
|
|
|
|
|
|
<a href="../ch9/ch9.html">
|
|
|
|
<i class="fa fa-check"></i>
|
|
|
|
<b>9.</b>
|
|
|
|
基於共享變量的併髮
|
|
</a>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<ul class="articles">
|
|
|
|
|
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="9.1" data-path="ch9/ch9-01.html">
|
|
|
|
|
|
<a href="../ch9/ch9-01.html">
|
|
|
|
<i class="fa fa-check"></i>
|
|
|
|
<b>9.1.</b>
|
|
|
|
競爭條件
|
|
</a>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="9.2" data-path="ch9/ch9-02.html">
|
|
|
|
|
|
<a href="../ch9/ch9-02.html">
|
|
|
|
<i class="fa fa-check"></i>
|
|
|
|
<b>9.2.</b>
|
|
|
|
sync.Mutex互斥鎖
|
|
</a>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="9.3" data-path="ch9/ch9-03.html">
|
|
|
|
|
|
<a href="../ch9/ch9-03.html">
|
|
|
|
<i class="fa fa-check"></i>
|
|
|
|
<b>9.3.</b>
|
|
|
|
sync.RWMutex讀寫鎖
|
|
</a>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="9.4" data-path="ch9/ch9-04.html">
|
|
|
|
|
|
<a href="../ch9/ch9-04.html">
|
|
|
|
<i class="fa fa-check"></i>
|
|
|
|
<b>9.4.</b>
|
|
|
|
內存衕步
|
|
</a>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="9.5" data-path="ch9/ch9-05.html">
|
|
|
|
|
|
<a href="../ch9/ch9-05.html">
|
|
|
|
<i class="fa fa-check"></i>
|
|
|
|
<b>9.5.</b>
|
|
|
|
sync.Once初始化
|
|
</a>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="9.6" data-path="ch9/ch9-06.html">
|
|
|
|
|
|
<a href="../ch9/ch9-06.html">
|
|
|
|
<i class="fa fa-check"></i>
|
|
|
|
<b>9.6.</b>
|
|
|
|
競爭條件檢測
|
|
</a>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="9.7" data-path="ch9/ch9-07.html">
|
|
|
|
|
|
<a href="../ch9/ch9-07.html">
|
|
|
|
<i class="fa fa-check"></i>
|
|
|
|
<b>9.7.</b>
|
|
|
|
示例: 併髮的非阻塞緩存
|
|
</a>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="9.8" data-path="ch9/ch9-08.html">
|
|
|
|
|
|
<a href="../ch9/ch9-08.html">
|
|
|
|
<i class="fa fa-check"></i>
|
|
|
|
<b>9.8.</b>
|
|
|
|
Goroutines和綫程
|
|
</a>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</ul>
|
|
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="10" data-path="ch10/ch10.html">
|
|
|
|
|
|
<a href="../ch10/ch10.html">
|
|
|
|
<i class="fa fa-check"></i>
|
|
|
|
<b>10.</b>
|
|
|
|
包和工具
|
|
</a>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<ul class="articles">
|
|
|
|
|
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="10.1" data-path="ch10/ch10-01.html">
|
|
|
|
|
|
<a href="../ch10/ch10-01.html">
|
|
|
|
<i class="fa fa-check"></i>
|
|
|
|
<b>10.1.</b>
|
|
|
|
簡介
|
|
</a>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="10.2" data-path="ch10/ch10-02.html">
|
|
|
|
|
|
<a href="../ch10/ch10-02.html">
|
|
|
|
<i class="fa fa-check"></i>
|
|
|
|
<b>10.2.</b>
|
|
|
|
導入路徑
|
|
</a>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="10.3" data-path="ch10/ch10-03.html">
|
|
|
|
|
|
<a href="../ch10/ch10-03.html">
|
|
|
|
<i class="fa fa-check"></i>
|
|
|
|
<b>10.3.</b>
|
|
|
|
包聲明
|
|
</a>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="10.4" data-path="ch10/ch10-04.html">
|
|
|
|
|
|
<a href="../ch10/ch10-04.html">
|
|
|
|
<i class="fa fa-check"></i>
|
|
|
|
<b>10.4.</b>
|
|
|
|
導入聲明
|
|
</a>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="10.5" data-path="ch10/ch10-05.html">
|
|
|
|
|
|
<a href="../ch10/ch10-05.html">
|
|
|
|
<i class="fa fa-check"></i>
|
|
|
|
<b>10.5.</b>
|
|
|
|
匿名導入
|
|
</a>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="10.6" data-path="ch10/ch10-06.html">
|
|
|
|
|
|
<a href="../ch10/ch10-06.html">
|
|
|
|
<i class="fa fa-check"></i>
|
|
|
|
<b>10.6.</b>
|
|
|
|
包和命名
|
|
</a>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="10.7" data-path="ch10/ch10-07.html">
|
|
|
|
|
|
<a href="../ch10/ch10-07.html">
|
|
|
|
<i class="fa fa-check"></i>
|
|
|
|
<b>10.7.</b>
|
|
|
|
工具
|
|
</a>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</ul>
|
|
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="11" data-path="ch11/ch11.html">
|
|
|
|
|
|
<a href="../ch11/ch11.html">
|
|
|
|
<i class="fa fa-check"></i>
|
|
|
|
<b>11.</b>
|
|
|
|
測試
|
|
</a>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<ul class="articles">
|
|
|
|
|
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="11.1" data-path="ch11/ch11-01.html">
|
|
|
|
|
|
<a href="../ch11/ch11-01.html">
|
|
|
|
<i class="fa fa-check"></i>
|
|
|
|
<b>11.1.</b>
|
|
|
|
go test
|
|
</a>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="11.2" data-path="ch11/ch11-02.html">
|
|
|
|
|
|
<a href="../ch11/ch11-02.html">
|
|
|
|
<i class="fa fa-check"></i>
|
|
|
|
<b>11.2.</b>
|
|
|
|
測試函數
|
|
</a>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="11.3" data-path="ch11/ch11-03.html">
|
|
|
|
|
|
<a href="../ch11/ch11-03.html">
|
|
|
|
<i class="fa fa-check"></i>
|
|
|
|
<b>11.3.</b>
|
|
|
|
測試覆蓋率
|
|
</a>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="11.4" data-path="ch11/ch11-04.html">
|
|
|
|
|
|
<a href="../ch11/ch11-04.html">
|
|
|
|
<i class="fa fa-check"></i>
|
|
|
|
<b>11.4.</b>
|
|
|
|
基準測試
|
|
</a>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="11.5" data-path="ch11/ch11-05.html">
|
|
|
|
|
|
<a href="../ch11/ch11-05.html">
|
|
|
|
<i class="fa fa-check"></i>
|
|
|
|
<b>11.5.</b>
|
|
|
|
剖析
|
|
</a>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="11.6" data-path="ch11/ch11-06.html">
|
|
|
|
|
|
<a href="../ch11/ch11-06.html">
|
|
|
|
<i class="fa fa-check"></i>
|
|
|
|
<b>11.6.</b>
|
|
|
|
示例函數
|
|
</a>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</ul>
|
|
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="12" data-path="ch12/ch12.html">
|
|
|
|
|
|
<a href="../ch12/ch12.html">
|
|
|
|
<i class="fa fa-check"></i>
|
|
|
|
<b>12.</b>
|
|
|
|
反射
|
|
</a>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<ul class="articles">
|
|
|
|
|
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="12.1" data-path="ch12/ch12-01.html">
|
|
|
|
|
|
<a href="../ch12/ch12-01.html">
|
|
|
|
<i class="fa fa-check"></i>
|
|
|
|
<b>12.1.</b>
|
|
|
|
為何需要反射?
|
|
</a>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="12.2" data-path="ch12/ch12-02.html">
|
|
|
|
|
|
<a href="../ch12/ch12-02.html">
|
|
|
|
<i class="fa fa-check"></i>
|
|
|
|
<b>12.2.</b>
|
|
|
|
reflect.Type和reflect.Value
|
|
</a>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="12.3" data-path="ch12/ch12-03.html">
|
|
|
|
|
|
<a href="../ch12/ch12-03.html">
|
|
|
|
<i class="fa fa-check"></i>
|
|
|
|
<b>12.3.</b>
|
|
|
|
Display遞歸打印
|
|
</a>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="12.4" data-path="ch12/ch12-04.html">
|
|
|
|
|
|
<a href="../ch12/ch12-04.html">
|
|
|
|
<i class="fa fa-check"></i>
|
|
|
|
<b>12.4.</b>
|
|
|
|
示例: 編碼S錶達式
|
|
</a>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="12.5" data-path="ch12/ch12-05.html">
|
|
|
|
|
|
<a href="../ch12/ch12-05.html">
|
|
|
|
<i class="fa fa-check"></i>
|
|
|
|
<b>12.5.</b>
|
|
|
|
通過reflect.Value脩改值
|
|
</a>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="12.6" data-path="ch12/ch12-06.html">
|
|
|
|
|
|
<a href="../ch12/ch12-06.html">
|
|
|
|
<i class="fa fa-check"></i>
|
|
|
|
<b>12.6.</b>
|
|
|
|
示例: 解碼S錶達式
|
|
</a>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="12.7" data-path="ch12/ch12-07.html">
|
|
|
|
|
|
<a href="../ch12/ch12-07.html">
|
|
|
|
<i class="fa fa-check"></i>
|
|
|
|
<b>12.7.</b>
|
|
|
|
穫取結構體字段標識
|
|
</a>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="12.8" data-path="ch12/ch12-08.html">
|
|
|
|
|
|
<a href="../ch12/ch12-08.html">
|
|
|
|
<i class="fa fa-check"></i>
|
|
|
|
<b>12.8.</b>
|
|
|
|
顯示一個類型的方法集
|
|
</a>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="12.9" data-path="ch12/ch12-09.html">
|
|
|
|
|
|
<a href="../ch12/ch12-09.html">
|
|
|
|
<i class="fa fa-check"></i>
|
|
|
|
<b>12.9.</b>
|
|
|
|
幾點忠告
|
|
</a>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</ul>
|
|
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="13" data-path="ch13/ch13.html">
|
|
|
|
|
|
<a href="../ch13/ch13.html">
|
|
|
|
<i class="fa fa-check"></i>
|
|
|
|
<b>13.</b>
|
|
|
|
底層編程
|
|
</a>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<ul class="articles">
|
|
|
|
|
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="13.1" data-path="ch13/ch13-01.html">
|
|
|
|
|
|
<a href="../ch13/ch13-01.html">
|
|
|
|
<i class="fa fa-check"></i>
|
|
|
|
<b>13.1.</b>
|
|
|
|
unsafe.Sizeof, Alignof 和 Offsetof
|
|
</a>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="13.2" data-path="ch13/ch13-02.html">
|
|
|
|
|
|
<a href="../ch13/ch13-02.html">
|
|
|
|
<i class="fa fa-check"></i>
|
|
|
|
<b>13.2.</b>
|
|
|
|
unsafe.Pointer
|
|
</a>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="13.3" data-path="ch13/ch13-03.html">
|
|
|
|
|
|
<a href="../ch13/ch13-03.html">
|
|
|
|
<i class="fa fa-check"></i>
|
|
|
|
<b>13.3.</b>
|
|
|
|
示例: 深度相等判斷
|
|
</a>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="13.4" data-path="ch13/ch13-04.html">
|
|
|
|
|
|
<a href="../ch13/ch13-04.html">
|
|
|
|
<i class="fa fa-check"></i>
|
|
|
|
<b>13.4.</b>
|
|
|
|
通過cgo調用C代碼
|
|
</a>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="13.5" data-path="ch13/ch13-05.html">
|
|
|
|
|
|
<a href="../ch13/ch13-05.html">
|
|
|
|
<i class="fa fa-check"></i>
|
|
|
|
<b>13.5.</b>
|
|
|
|
幾點忠告
|
|
</a>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</ul>
|
|
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="14" data-path="exercise/ex.html">
|
|
|
|
|
|
<a href="../exercise/ex.html">
|
|
|
|
<i class="fa fa-check"></i>
|
|
|
|
<b>14.</b>
|
|
|
|
習題解答
|
|
</a>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<ul class="articles">
|
|
|
|
|
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="14.1" data-path="exercise/ex-ch1.html">
|
|
|
|
|
|
<a href="../exercise/ex-ch1.html">
|
|
|
|
<i class="fa fa-check"></i>
|
|
|
|
<b>14.1.</b>
|
|
|
|
第一章 入門
|
|
</a>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</ul>
|
|
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="15" data-path="errata.html">
|
|
|
|
|
|
<a href="../errata.html">
|
|
|
|
<i class="fa fa-check"></i>
|
|
|
|
<b>15.</b>
|
|
|
|
勘誤
|
|
</a>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<li class="divider"></li>
|
|
<li>
|
|
<a href="https://www.gitbook.com" target="blank" class="gitbook-link">
|
|
本書使用 GitBook 釋出
|
|
</a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
</ul>
|
|
</nav>
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
<div class="book-body">
|
|
<div class="body-inner">
|
|
<div class="book-header" role="navigation">
|
|
<!-- Actions Left -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Title -->
|
|
<h1>
|
|
<i class="fa fa-circle-o-notch fa-spin"></i>
|
|
<a href="../" >Go编程语言</a>
|
|
</h1>
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
<div class="page-wrapper" tabindex="-1" role="main">
|
|
<div class="page-inner">
|
|
|
|
|
|
<section class="normal" id="section-">
|
|
|
|
<h2 id="71-接口約定">7.1. 接口約定</h2>
|
|
<p>目前為止,我們看到的類型都是具體的類型。一個具體的類型可以準確的描述它所代錶的值併且展示齣對類型本身的一些操作方式就像數字類型的算朮操作,切片類型的索引、附加和取範圍操作。具體的類型還可以通過它的方法提供額外的行為操作。總的來說,當你拿到一個具體的類型時你就知道它的本身是什麼和你可以用它來做什麼。</p>
|
|
<p>在Go語言中還存在着另外一種類型:接口類型。接口類型是一種抽象的類型。它不會暴露齣它所代錶的對象的內部值的結構和這個對象支持的基礎操作的集閤;它們隻會展示齣它們自己的方法。也就是說當你有看到一個接口類型的值時,你不知道它是什麼,唯一知道的就是可以通過它的方法來做什麼。</p>
|
|
<p>在本書中,我們一直使用兩個相似的函數來進行字符串的格式化:fmt.Printf它會把結果寫到標準輸齣和fmt.Sprintf它會把結果以字符串的形式返迴。得益於使用接口,我們不必可悲的因為返迴結果在使用方式上的一些淺顯不衕就必需把格式化這個最睏難的過程復製一份。實際上,這兩個函數都使用了另一個函數fmt.Fprintf來進行封裝。fmt.Fprintf這個函數對它的計算結果會被怎麼使用是完全不知道的。</p>
|
|
<pre><code class="lang-go"><span class="hljs-keyword">package</span> fmt
|
|
<span class="hljs-keyword">func</span> Fprintf(w io.Writer, format <span class="hljs-typename">string</span>, args ...<span class="hljs-keyword">interface</span>{}) (<span class="hljs-typename">int</span>, error)
|
|
<span class="hljs-keyword">func</span> Printf(format <span class="hljs-typename">string</span>, args ...<span class="hljs-keyword">interface</span>{}) (<span class="hljs-typename">int</span>, error) {
|
|
<span class="hljs-keyword">return</span> Fprintf(os.Stdout, format, args...)
|
|
}
|
|
<span class="hljs-keyword">func</span> Sprintf(format <span class="hljs-typename">string</span>, args ...<span class="hljs-keyword">interface</span>{}) <span class="hljs-typename">string</span> {
|
|
<span class="hljs-keyword">var</span> buf bytes.Buffer
|
|
Fprintf(&buf, format, args...)
|
|
<span class="hljs-keyword">return</span> buf.String()
|
|
}
|
|
</code></pre>
|
|
<p>Fprintf的前綴F錶示文件(File)也錶明格式化輸齣結果應該被寫入第一個參數提供的文件中。在Printf函數中的第一個參數os.Stdout是*os.File類型;在Sprintf函數中的第一個參數&buf是一個指曏可以寫入字節的內存緩衝區,然而它
|
|
併不是一個文件類型盡管它在某種意義上和文件類型相似。</p>
|
|
<p>卽使Fprintf函數中的第一個參數也不是一個文件類型。它是io.Writer類型這是一個接口類型定義如下:</p>
|
|
<pre><code class="lang-go"><span class="hljs-keyword">package</span> io
|
|
<span class="hljs-comment">// Writer is the interface that wraps the basic Write method.</span>
|
|
<span class="hljs-keyword">type</span> Writer <span class="hljs-keyword">interface</span> {
|
|
}
|
|
<span class="hljs-comment">// Write writes len(p) bytes from p to the underlying data stream.</span>
|
|
<span class="hljs-comment">// It returns the number of bytes written from p (0 <= n <= len(p))</span>
|
|
<span class="hljs-comment">// and any error encountered that caused the write to stop early.</span>
|
|
<span class="hljs-comment">// Write must return a non-nil error if it returns n < len(p).</span>
|
|
<span class="hljs-comment">// Write must not modify the slice data, even temporarily.</span>
|
|
<span class="hljs-comment">//</span>
|
|
<span class="hljs-comment">// Implementations must not retain p.</span>
|
|
Write(p []<span class="hljs-typename">byte</span>) (n <span class="hljs-typename">int</span>, err error)
|
|
</code></pre>
|
|
<p>io.Writer類型定義了函數Fprintf和這個函數調用者之間的約定。一方麫這個約定需要調用者提供具體類型的值就像*os.File和*bytes.Buffer,這些類型都有一個特定簽名和行為的Write的函數。另一方麫這個約定保證了Fprintf接受任何滿足io.Writer接口的值都可以工作。Fprintf函數可能沒有假定寫入的是一個文件或是一段內存,而是寫入一個可以調用Write函數的值。</p>
|
|
<p>因為fmt.Fprintf函數沒有對具體操作的值做任何假設而是僅僅通過io.Writer接口的約定來保證行為,所以第一個參數可以安全地傳入一個任何具體類型的值隻需要滿足io.Writer接口。一個類型可以自由的使用另一個滿足相衕接口的類型來進行替換被稱作可替換性(LSP裏氏替換)。這是一個麫曏對象的特徵。</p>
|
|
<p>讓我們通過一個新的類型來進行校驗,下麫*ByteCounter類型裏的Write方法,僅僅在丟失寫曏它的字節前統計它們的長度。(在這個+=賦值語句中,讓len(p)的類型和*c的類型匹配的轉換是必鬚的。)</p>
|
|
<pre><code class="lang-go"><span class="hljs-comment">// gopl.io/ch7/bytecounter</span>
|
|
<span class="hljs-keyword">type</span> ByteCounter <span class="hljs-typename">int</span>
|
|
<span class="hljs-keyword">func</span> (c *ByteCounter) Write(p []<span class="hljs-typename">byte</span>) (<span class="hljs-typename">int</span>, error) {
|
|
*c += ByteCounter(<span class="hljs-built_in">len</span>(p)) <span class="hljs-comment">// convert int to ByteCounter</span>
|
|
<span class="hljs-keyword">return</span> <span class="hljs-built_in">len</span>(p), <span class="hljs-constant">nil</span>
|
|
}
|
|
</code></pre>
|
|
<p>因為*ByteCounter滿足io.Writer的約定,我們可以把它傳入Fprintf函數中;Fprintf函數執行字符串格式化的過程不會去關註ByteCounter正確的纍加結果的長度。</p>
|
|
<pre><code class="lang-go"><span class="hljs-keyword">var</span> c ByteCounter
|
|
c.Write([]<span class="hljs-typename">byte</span>(<span class="hljs-string">"hello"</span>))
|
|
fmt.Println(c) <span class="hljs-comment">// "5", = len("hello")</span>
|
|
c = <span class="hljs-number">0</span> <span class="hljs-comment">// reset the counter</span>
|
|
<span class="hljs-keyword">var</span> name = <span class="hljs-string">"Dolly"</span>
|
|
fmt.Fprintf(&c, <span class="hljs-string">"hello, %s"</span>, name)
|
|
fmt.Println(c) <span class="hljs-comment">// "12", = len("hello, Dolly")</span>
|
|
</code></pre>
|
|
<p>除了io.Writer這個接口類型,還有另一個對fmt包很重要的接口類型。Fprintf和Fprintln函數曏類型提供了一種控製它們值輸齣的途徑。在2.5節中,我們為Celsius類型提供了一個String方法以便於可以打印成這樣"100°C" ,在6.5節中我們給*IntSet添加一個String方法,這樣集閤可以用傳統的符號來進行錶示就像"{1 2 3}"。給一個類型定義String方法,可以讓它滿足最廣氾使用之一的接口類型fmt.Stringer:</p>
|
|
<pre><code class="lang-go"><span class="hljs-keyword">package</span> fmt
|
|
<span class="hljs-comment">// The String method is used to print values passed</span>
|
|
<span class="hljs-comment">// as an operand to any format that accepts a string</span>
|
|
<span class="hljs-comment">// or to an unformatted printer such as Print.</span>
|
|
<span class="hljs-keyword">type</span> Stringer <span class="hljs-keyword">interface</span> {
|
|
String() <span class="hljs-typename">string</span>
|
|
}
|
|
</code></pre>
|
|
<p>我們會在7.10節解釋fmt包怎麼髮現哪些值是滿足這個接口類型的。</p>
|
|
<p>練習7.1:使用來自ByteCounter的思路,實現一個鍼對對單詞和行數的計數器。你會髮現bufio.ScanWords非常的有用。</p>
|
|
<p>練習7.2:寫一個帶有如下函數簽名的函數CountingWriter,傳入一個io.Writer接口類型,返迴一個新的Writer類型把原來的Writer封裝在裏麫和一個錶示寫入新的Writer字節數的int64類型指鍼</p>
|
|
<pre><code class="lang-go"><span class="hljs-keyword">func</span> CountingWriter(w io.Writer) (io.Writer, *<span class="hljs-typename">int64</span>)
|
|
</code></pre>
|
|
<p>練習7.3:為在gopl.io/ch4/treesort (§4.4)的*tree類型實現一個String方法去展示tree類型的值序列。</p>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</section>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<a href="../ch7/ch7.html" class="navigation navigation-prev " aria-label="Previous page: 接口"><i class="fa fa-angle-left"></i></a>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<a href="../ch7/ch7-02.html" class="navigation navigation-next " aria-label="Next page: 接口類型"><i class="fa fa-angle-right"></i></a>
|
|
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<script src="../gitbook/app.js"></script>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<script src="../gitbook/plugins/gitbook-plugin-search/lunr.min.js"></script>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<script src="../gitbook/plugins/gitbook-plugin-search/search.js"></script>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<script src="../gitbook/plugins/gitbook-plugin-sharing/buttons.js"></script>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<script src="../gitbook/plugins/gitbook-plugin-fontsettings/buttons.js"></script>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<script>
|
|
require(["gitbook"], function(gitbook) {
|
|
var config = {"highlight":{},"search":{},"sharing":{"facebook":true,"twitter":true,"google":false,"weibo":false,"instapaper":false,"vk":false,"all":["facebook","google","twitter","weibo","instapaper"]},"fontsettings":{"theme":"white","family":"sans","size":2}};
|
|
gitbook.start(config);
|
|
});
|
|
</script>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</body>
|
|
|
|
</html>
|