diff --git a/docs/chapter_stack_and_queue/queue.md b/docs/chapter_stack_and_queue/queue.md index c270585..b9611a3 100644 --- a/docs/chapter_stack_and_queue/queue.md +++ b/docs/chapter_stack_and_queue/queue.md @@ -724,6 +724,123 @@ comments: true === "TypeScript" ```typescript title="array_queue.ts" + + /* 基于环形数组实现的队列 */ + class ArrayQueue { + private queue: number[]; // 用于存储队列元素的数组 + private front: number = 0; // 头指针,指向队首 + private rear: number = 0; // 尾指针,指向队尾 + 1 + private CAPACITY: number = 1e5; + + constructor(capacity?: number) { + this.queue = new Array(capacity ?? this.CAPACITY); + } + + /* 获取队列的容量 */ + get capacity(): number { + return this.queue.length; + } + + /* 获取队列的长度 */ + get size(): number { + // 由于将数组看作为环形,可能 rear < front ,因此需要取余数 + return (this.capacity + this.rear - this.front) % this.capacity; + } + + /* 判断队列是否为空 */ + empty(): boolean { + return this.rear - this.front == 0; + } + + /* 入队 */ + offer(num: number): void { + if (this.size == this.capacity) { + console.log("队列已满"); + return; + } + // 尾结点后添加 num + this.queue[this.rear] = num; + // 尾指针向后移动一位,越过尾部后返回到数组头部 + this.rear = (this.rear + 1) % this.capacity; + } + + /* 出队 */ + poll(): number { + const num = this.peek(); + // 队头指针向后移动一位,若越过尾部则返回到数组头部 + this.front = (this.front + 1) % this.capacity; + return num; + } + + /* 访问队首元素 */ + peek(): number { + // 删除头结点 + if (this.empty()) + throw new Error("The queue is empty!"); + return this.queue[this.front]; + } + + /* 访问指定索引元素 */ + get(index: number): number { + if (index >= this.size) + throw new Error("Index out of bounds!"); + return this.queue[(this.front + index) % this.capacity]; + } + + /* 返回 Array */ + toArray(): number[] { + const siz = this.size; + const cap = this.capacity; + // 仅转换有效长度范围内的列表元素 + const arr = new Array(siz); + for (let i = 0, j = this.front; i < siz; i++, j++) { + arr[i] = this.queue[j % cap]; + } + return arr; + } + } + + /* 初始化队列 */ + const capacity = 10; + const queue = new ArrayQueue(capacity); + + /* 元素入队 */ + queue.offer(1); + queue.offer(3); + queue.offer(2); + queue.offer(5); + queue.offer(4); + console.log("队列 queue = "); + console.log(queue.toArray()); + + /* 访问队首元素 */ + const peek = queue.peek(); + console.log("队首元素 peek = " + peek); + + /* 访问指定索引元素 */ + const num = queue.get(2); + console.log("队列第 3 个元素为 num = " + num); + + /* 元素出队 */ + const poll = queue.poll(); + console.log("出队元素 poll = " + poll + ",出队后 queue = "); + console.log(queue.toArray()); + + /* 获取队列的长度 */ + const size = queue.size; + console.log("队列长度 size = " + size); + + /* 判断队列是否为空 */ + const empty = queue.empty(); + console.log("队列是否为空 = " + empty); + + /* 测试环形数组 */ + for (let i = 0; i < 10; i++) { + queue.offer(i); + queue.poll(); + console.log("第 " + i + " 轮入队 + 出队后 queue = "); + console.log(queue.toArray()); + } ```