Add Go codes to docs, including

the chapter of stack and queue, the chapter of tree.

codes/go/chapter_stack_and_queue/stack_test.go

@@ -4,65 +4,105 @@
 
 package chapter_stack_and_queue
 
-import "testing"
+import (
+	"fmt"
+	"testing"
+
+	. "github.com/krahets/hello-algo/pkg"
+)
+
+func TestStack(t *testing.T) {
+	/* 初始化栈 */
+	// 在 Go 中，推荐将 Slice 当作栈来使用
+	var stack []int
+
+	/* 元素入栈 */
+	stack = append(stack, 1)
+	stack = append(stack, 3)
+	stack = append(stack, 2)
+	stack = append(stack, 5)
+	stack = append(stack, 4)
+	fmt.Print("栈 = ")
+	PrintSlice(stack)
+
+	/* 访问栈顶元素 */
+	peek := stack[len(stack)-1]
+	fmt.Println("栈顶元素 peek =", peek)
+
+	/* 元素出栈 */
+	pop := stack[len(stack)-1]
+	stack = stack[:len(stack)-1]
+	fmt.Print("出栈元素 pop = ", pop, "，出栈后 stack = ")
+	PrintSlice(stack)
+
+	/* 获取栈的长度 */
+	size := len(stack)
+	fmt.Println("栈的长度 size =", size)
+
+	/* 判断是否为空 */
+	isEmpty := len(stack) == 0
+	fmt.Println("栈是否为空 =", isEmpty)
+}
 
 func TestArrayStack(t *testing.T) {
 	// 初始化栈, 使用接口承接
-	var stack Stack
-	stack = NewArrayStack()
+	stack := NewArrayStack()
 
 	// 元素入栈
 	stack.Push(1)
-	stack.Push(2)
 	stack.Push(3)
-	stack.Push(4)
+	stack.Push(2)
 	stack.Push(5)
-	t.Log("栈 stack = ", stack.toString())
+	stack.Push(4)
+	fmt.Print("栈 stack = ")
+	PrintSlice(stack.toSlice())
 
 	// 访问栈顶元素
 	peek := stack.Peek()
-	t.Log("栈顶元素 peek = ", peek)
+	fmt.Println("栈顶元素 peek =", peek)
 
 	// 元素出栈
 	pop := stack.Pop()
-	t.Log("出栈元素 pop  = ", pop, ", 出栈后 stack =", stack.toString())
+	fmt.Print("出栈元素 pop = ", pop, ", 出栈后 stack = ")
+	PrintSlice(stack.toSlice())
 
 	// 获取栈的长度
 	size := stack.Size()
-	t.Log("栈的长度 size = ", size)
+	fmt.Println("栈的长度 size =", size)
 
 	// 判断是否为空
 	isEmpty := stack.IsEmpty()
-	t.Log("栈是否为空 = ", isEmpty)
+	fmt.Println("栈是否为空 =", isEmpty)
 }
 
 func TestLinkedListStack(t *testing.T) {
 	// 初始化栈
-	var stack Stack
-	stack = NewLinkedListStack()
+	stack := NewLinkedListStack()
 	// 元素入栈
 	stack.Push(1)
-	stack.Push(2)
 	stack.Push(3)
-	stack.Push(4)
+	stack.Push(2)
 	stack.Push(5)
-	t.Log("栈 stack = ", stack.toString())
+	stack.Push(4)
+	fmt.Print("栈 stack = ")
+	PrintList(stack.toList())
 
 	// 访问栈顶元素
 	peek := stack.Peek()
-	t.Log("栈顶元素 peek = ", peek)
+	fmt.Println("栈顶元素 peek =", peek)
 
 	// 元素出栈
 	pop := stack.Pop()
-	t.Log("出栈元素 pop  = ", pop, ", 出栈后 stack =", stack.toString())
+	fmt.Print("出栈元素 pop = ", pop, ", 出栈后 stack = ")
+	PrintList(stack.toList())
 
 	// 获取栈的长度
 	size := stack.Size()
-	t.Log("栈的长度 size = ", size)
+	fmt.Println("栈的长度 size =", size)
 
 	// 判断是否为空
 	isEmpty := stack.IsEmpty()
-	t.Log("栈是否为空 = ", isEmpty)
+	fmt.Println("栈是否为空 =", isEmpty)
 }
 
 // BenchmarkArrayStack 8 ns/op in Mac M1 Pro