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Remove sudo #206 AND Remove 「本地安装」「批量上传脚本」#208
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## Docker Hub
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目前 Docker 官方维护了一个公共仓库 [Docker Hub](https://hub.docker.com/),其中已经包括了超过 15,000 的镜像。大部分需求,都可以通过在 Docker Hub 中直接下载镜像来实现。
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### 注册
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你可以在 https://hub.docker.com 免费注册一个 Docker 账号。
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### 登录
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可以通过执行 `docker login` 命令来输入用户名、密码和邮箱来完成注册和登录。
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注册成功后,本地用户目录的 `.dockercfg` 中将保存用户的认证信息。
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可以通过执行 `docker login` 命令交互式的输入用户名及密码来完成在命令行界面的登录。
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登录成功后,本地用户目录的 `.dockercfg` 中将保存用户的认证信息。
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### 基本操作
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用户无需登录即可通过 `docker search` 命令来查找官方仓库中的镜像,并利用 `docker pull` 命令来将它下载到本地。
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你可以通过 `docker search` 命令来查找官方仓库中的镜像,并利用 `docker pull` 命令来将它下载到本地。
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例如以 centos 为关键词进行搜索:
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```
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#### 容器运行
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在安装了 Docker 后,可以通过获取官方 registry 镜像来运行。
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```
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$ sudo docker run -d -p 5000:5000 registry
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$ docker run -d -p 5000:5000 registry
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```
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这将使用官方的 registry 镜像来启动本地的私有仓库。
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用户可以通过指定参数来配置私有仓库位置,例如配置镜像存储到 Amazon S3 服务。
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```
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$ sudo docker run \
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$ docker run \
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-e SETTINGS_FLAVOR=s3 \
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-e AWS_BUCKET=acme-docker \
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-e STORAGE_PATH=/registry \
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@ -26,45 +26,27 @@ $ sudo docker run \
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````
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此外,还可以指定本地路径(如 `/home/user/registry-conf` )下的配置文件。
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```
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$ sudo docker run -d -p 5000:5000 -v /home/user/registry-conf:/registry-conf -e DOCKER_REGISTRY_CONFIG=/registry-conf/config.yml registry
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$ docker run -d \
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-p 5000:5000 \
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-v /home/user/registry-conf:/registry-conf \
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-e DOCKER_REGISTRY_CONFIG=/registry-conf/config.yml \
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registry
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```
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默认情况下,仓库会被创建在容器的 `/var/lib/registry `(v1 中是`/tmp/registry`)下。可以通过 `-v` 参数来将镜像文件存放在本地的指定路径。
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例如下面的例子将上传的镜像放到 `/opt/data/registry` 目录。
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```
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$ sudo docker run -d -p 5000:5000 -v /opt/data/registry:/var/lib/registry registry
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$ docker run -d \
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-p 5000:5000 \
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-v /opt/data/registry:/var/lib/registry \
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registry
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```
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#### 本地安装
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对于 Ubuntu 或 CentOS 等发行版,可以直接通过源安装。
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* Ubuntu
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```
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$ sudo apt-get install -y build-essential python-dev libevent-dev python-pip liblzma-dev
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$ sudo pip install docker-registry
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```
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* CentOS
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```
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$ sudo yum install -y python-devel libevent-devel python-pip gcc xz-devel
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$ sudo python-pip install docker-registry
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```
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也可以从 [docker-registry](https://github.com/docker/docker-registry) 项目下载源码进行安装。
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```
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$ sudo apt-get install build-essential python-dev libevent-dev python-pip libssl-dev liblzma-dev libffi-dev
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$ git clone https://github.com/docker/distribution
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$ cd distribution
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$ sudo docker build .
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```
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启动运行registry的容器
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```
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$ sudo docker run -d -p 5000:5000 --restart=always --name registry ${IMAGE_ID}
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```
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###在私有仓库上传、下载、搜索镜像
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### 在私有仓库上传、下载、搜索镜像
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创建好私有仓库之后,就可以使用 `docker tag` 来标记一个镜像,然后推送它到仓库,别的机器上就可以下载下来了。例如私有仓库地址为 `192.168.7.26:5000`。
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先在本机查看已有的镜像。
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```
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$ sudo docker images
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$ docker images
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REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED VIRTUAL SIZE
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ubuntu latest ba5877dc9bec 6 weeks ago 192.7 MB
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ubuntu 14.04 ba5877dc9bec 6 weeks ago 192.7 MB
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@ -72,7 +54,7 @@ ubuntu 14.04 ba5877dc9bec 6 week
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使用`docker tag` 将 `ba58` 这个镜像标记为 `192.168.7.26:5000/test`(格式为 `docker tag IMAGE[:TAG] [REGISTRYHOST/][USERNAME/]NAME[:TAG]`)。
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```
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$ sudo docker tag ba58 192.168.7.26:5000/test
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$ docker tag ba58 192.168.7.26:5000/test
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root ~ # docker images
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REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED VIRTUAL SIZE
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ubuntu 14.04 ba5877dc9bec 6 weeks ago 192.7 MB
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@ -81,7 +63,7 @@ ubuntu latest ba5877dc9bec 6 week
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```
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使用 `docker push` 上传标记的镜像。
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```
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$ sudo docker push 192.168.7.26:5000/test
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$ docker push 192.168.7.26:5000/test
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The push refers to a repository [192.168.7.26:5000/test] (len: 1)
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Sending image list
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Pushing repository 192.168.7.26:5000/test (1 tags)
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@ -102,7 +84,7 @@ $ curl http://192.168.7.26:5000/v1/search
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现在可以到另外一台机器去下载这个镜像。
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```
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$ sudo docker pull 192.168.7.26:5000/test
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$ docker pull 192.168.7.26:5000/test
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Pulling repository 192.168.7.26:5000/test
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ba5877dc9bec: Download complete
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511136ea3c5a: Download complete
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@ -110,38 +92,23 @@ ba5877dc9bec: Download complete
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25f11f5fb0cb: Download complete
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ebc34468f71d: Download complete
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2318d26665ef: Download complete
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$ sudo docker images
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$ docker images
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REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED VIRTUAL SIZE
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192.168.7.26:5000/test latest ba5877dc9bec 6 weeks ago 192.7 MB
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```
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可以使用 [这个脚本](https://github.com/yeasy/docker_practice/raw/master/_local/push_images.sh) 批量上传本地的镜像到注册服务器中,默认是本地注册服务器 `127.0.0.1:5000`。例如:
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```
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$ wget https://github.com/yeasy/docker_practice/raw/master/_local/push_images.sh; sudo chmod a+x push_images.sh
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$ ./push_images.sh ubuntu:latest centos:centos7
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The registry server is 127.0.0.1
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Uploading ubuntu:latest...
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The push refers to a repository [127.0.0.1:5000/ubuntu] (len: 1)
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Sending image list
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Pushing repository 127.0.0.1:5000/ubuntu (1 tags)
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Image 511136ea3c5a already pushed, skipping
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Image bfb8b5a2ad34 already pushed, skipping
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Image c1f3bdbd8355 already pushed, skipping
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Image 897578f527ae already pushed, skipping
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Image 9387bcc9826e already pushed, skipping
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Image 809ed259f845 already pushed, skipping
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Image 96864a7d2df3 already pushed, skipping
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Pushing tag for rev [96864a7d2df3] on {http://127.0.0.1:5000/v1/repositories/ubuntu/tags/latest}
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Untagged: 127.0.0.1:5000/ubuntu:latest
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Done
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Uploading centos:centos7...
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The push refers to a repository [127.0.0.1:5000/centos] (len: 1)
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Sending image list
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Pushing repository 127.0.0.1:5000/centos (1 tags)
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Image 511136ea3c5a already pushed, skipping
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34e94e67e63a: Image successfully pushed
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70214e5d0a90: Image successfully pushed
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Pushing tag for rev [70214e5d0a90] on {http://127.0.0.1:5000/v1/repositories/centos/tags/centos7}
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Untagged: 127.0.0.1:5000/centos:centos7
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Done
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可以使用 `docker-compose push` 批量上传本地的镜像到私有 Docker 仓库,这里以 `127.0.0.1:5000` 为例:
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编写 `docker-compose.yml` 文件
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```yaml
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version: "3.4"
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services:
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ubuntu:
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image: 127.0.0.1:5000/ubuntu:latest
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centos:
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image: 127.0.0.1:5000/centos:centos7
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```
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在该文件路径下执行 `docker-compose push` 即可将上面的两个镜像上传到私有仓库中。
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