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## Ubuntu 安装 Docker CE ## Install Docker CE on Ubuntu
>警告：切勿在没有配置 Docker APT 源的情况下直接使用 apt 命令安装 Docker. >warning: Don't install Docker CE directly using apt without configuring Docker APT source.
### 准备工作 ### Preparation
#### 系统要求 #### System requirements
Docker CE 支持以下版本的 [Ubuntu](https://www.ubuntu.com/server) 操作系统： Docker CE supports [Ubuntu](https://www.ubuntu.com/server) versions:
* Disco 19.04 * Disco 19.04
* Cosmic 18.10 * Cosmic 18.10
* Bionic 18.04 (LTS) * Bionic 18.04 (LTS)
* Xenial 16.04 (LTS) * Xenial 16.04 (LTS)
Docker CE 可以安装在 64 位的 x86 平台或 ARM 平台上。Ubuntu 发行版中，LTS（Long-Term-Support）长期支持版本，会获得 5 年的升级维护支持，这样的版本会更稳定，因此在生产环境中推荐使用 LTS 版本。 Docker CE can be installed on x86 platform or ARM. In Ubuntu distributions, LTS (Long-Term-Support) will get 5 years updating support, distributions like this will be stable. Therefore, LTS version is recommended in production environment.
#### 卸载旧版本 #### Uninstall old version
旧版本的 Docker 称为 `docker` 或者 `docker-engine`，使用以下命令卸载旧版本： Old version of Docker is called `docker` or `docker-engine`. Use the following command to uninstall the old version:
```bash ```bash
$ sudo apt-get remove docker \ $ sudo apt-get remove docker \
@ -25,9 +25,9 @@ $ sudo apt-get remove docker \
docker.io docker.io
``` ```
### 使用 APT 安装 ### Use APT to install
由于 `apt` 源使用 HTTPS 以确保软件下载过程中不被篡改。因此，我们首先需要添加使用 HTTPS 传输的软件包以及 CA 证书。 Because the `apt` source uses HTTPS to ensure that software downloads are not tampered with. Therefore, we need to add software packages and CA certificates that are transmitted using HTTPS first.
```bash ```bash
$ sudo apt-get update $ sudo apt-get update
@ -39,19 +39,19 @@ $ sudo apt-get install \
software-properties-common software-properties-common
``` ```
鉴于国内网络问题，强烈建议使用国内源，官方源请在注释中查看。 If you are in China, it is strongly recommended to use chinese sources. The official sources are in the comments.
为了确认所下载软件包的合法性，需要添加软件源的 `GPG` 密钥。 In order to confirm the validity of the downloaded package, we need to add the `GPG` key of the software source.
```bash ```bash
$ curl -fsSL https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/docker-ce/linux/ubuntu/gpg | sudo apt-key add - $ curl -fsSL https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/docker-ce/linux/ubuntu/gpg | sudo apt-key add -
# 官方源 # official
# $ curl -fsSL https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu/gpg | sudo apt-key add - # $ curl -fsSL https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu/gpg | sudo apt-key add -
``` ```
然后，我们需要向 `source.list` 中添加 Docker 软件源 Then, we need to add Docker software source to `source.list`
```bash ```bash
$ sudo add-apt-repository \ $ sudo add-apt-repository \
@ -60,18 +60,18 @@ $ sudo add-apt-repository \
stable" stable"
# 官方源 # official
# $ sudo add-apt-repository \ # $ sudo add-apt-repository \
# "deb [arch=amd64] https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu \ # "deb [arch=amd64] https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu \
# $(lsb_release -cs) \ # $(lsb_release -cs) \
# stable" # stable"
``` ```
>以上命令会添加稳定版本的 Docker CE APT 镜像源，如果需要测试或每日构建版本的 Docker CE 请将 stable 改为 test 或者 nightly。 >The above commands will add stable Docker CE APT source. If you need test or nightly version of Docker, you can change the stable to test or nightly.
#### 安装 Docker CE #### Install Docker CE
更新 apt 软件包缓存，并安装 `docker-ce`： Update apt cache and install `docker-ce`:
```bash ```bash
$ sudo apt-get update $ sudo apt-get update
@ -79,43 +79,43 @@ $ sudo apt-get update
$ sudo apt-get install docker-ce $ sudo apt-get install docker-ce
``` ```
### 使用脚本自动安装 ### Auto install by script
在测试或开发环境中 Docker 官方为了简化安装流程，提供了一套便捷的安装脚本，Ubuntu 系统上可以使用这套脚本安装： Docker Offical has provided a set of convenient install scripts which can be installed on Ubuntu system for test or dev environments.
```bash ```bash
$ curl -fsSL get.docker.com -o get-docker.sh $ curl -fsSL get.docker.com -o get-docker.sh
$ sudo sh get-docker.sh --mirror Aliyun $ sudo sh get-docker.sh --mirror Aliyun
``` ```
执行这个命令后，脚本就会自动的将一切准备工作做好，并且把 Docker CE 的 Edge 版本安装在系统中。 Script will make everythings ok and install Edge version of Docker CE for system after this command.
### 启动 Docker CE ### Launcher Docker CE
```bash ```bash
$ sudo systemctl enable docker $ sudo systemctl enable docker
$ sudo systemctl start docker $ sudo systemctl start docker
``` ```
### 建立 docker 用户组 ### Add docker user group
默认情况下，`docker` 命令会使用 [Unix socket](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unix_domain_socket) 与 Docker 引擎通讯。而只有 `root` 用户和 `docker` 组的用户才可以访问 Docker 引擎的 Unix socket。出于安全考虑，一般 Linux 系统上不会直接使用 `root` 用户。因此，更好地做法是将需要使用 `docker` 的用户加入 `docker` 用户组。 Command `docker` uses [Unix socket](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unix_domain_socket) to communicate with Docker engine default. Only users of `root` and `docker` groups can communicate Unix socket of Docker engine.`root` user is not directly used on Linux systems in general for security. Therefore, it is better to add users who need to use `docker` to the `docker` user group.
建立 `docker` 组： create `docker` group:
```bash ```bash
$ sudo groupadd docker $ sudo groupadd docker
``` ```
将当前用户加入 `docker` 组： add current user to `docker` group:
```bash ```bash
$ sudo usermod -aG docker $USER $ sudo usermod -aG docker $USER
``` ```
退出当前终端并重新登录，进行如下测试。 Exit current terminal and relogin to test.
### 测试 Docker 是否安装正确 ### Test whether Docker is installed correctly
```bash ```bash
$ docker run hello-world $ docker run hello-world
@ -148,12 +148,12 @@ For more examples and ideas, visit:
https://docs.docker.com/get-started/ https://docs.docker.com/get-started/
``` ```
若能正常输出以上信息，则说明安装成功。 If it shows above message, it means successful installation.
### 镜像加速 ### Registry Mirror(In China)
如果在使用过程中发现拉取 Docker 镜像十分缓慢，可以配置 Docker [国内镜像加速](mirror.md)。 If you pull docker images very slowly, then you can configurate [Registry Mirror](mirror.md).
### 参考文档 ### Links
* [Docker 官方 Ubuntu 安装文档](https://docs.docker.com/install/linux/docker-ce/ubuntu/) * [Offical Docker Docs](https://docs.docker.com/install/linux/docker-ce/ubuntu/)