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12.5 Kubernetes 实战练习

本章将通过一个具体的案例：部署一个 Nginx 网站，并为其配置 Service 和 Ingress，来串联前面学到的知识。

12.5.1 目标

部署一个 Nginx Deployment。
创建一个 Service 暴露 Nginx。
(可选) 通过 Ingress 访问服务。

12.5.2 步骤 1：创建 Deployment

创建一个名为 nginx-deployment.yaml 的文件：

apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
  name: nginx-deployment
  labels:
    app: nginx
spec:
  replicas: 2
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      app: nginx
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        app: nginx
    spec:
      containers:
      - name: nginx
        image: nginx:1.27
        ports:
        - containerPort: 80

应用配置：

kubectl apply -f nginx-deployment.yaml

12.5.3 步骤 2：创建 Service

创建一个名为 nginx-service.yaml 的文件：

apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
  name: nginx-service
spec:
  selector:
    app: nginx
  ports:
    - protocol: TCP
      port: 80
      targetPort: 80
  type: NodePort # 使用 NodePort 方便本地测试

应用配置：

kubectl apply -f nginx-service.yaml

查看分配的端口：

kubectl get svc nginx-service

如果输出端口是 80:30080/TCP，你可以通过 http://<NodeIP>:30080 访问 Nginx。

12.5.4 步骤 3：模拟滚动更新

修改 nginx-deployment.yaml，将镜像版本改为 nginx:1.27-alpine。

kubectl apply -f nginx-deployment.yaml

观察更新过程：

kubectl rollout status deployment/nginx-deployment

12.5.5 步骤 4：清理资源

练习结束后，记得清理资源：

kubectl delete -f nginx-service.yaml
kubectl delete -f nginx-deployment.yaml

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