docker_practice/cases/os/debian.md

191 lines
11 KiB
Go
Raw Blame History

This file contains ambiguous Unicode characters!

This file contains ambiguous Unicode characters that may be confused with others in your current locale. If your use case is intentional and legitimate, you can safely ignore this warning. Use the Escape button to highlight these characters.

# Debian/Ubuntu
`Debian` `Ubuntu` **Debian ** `Docker Hub`
## Debian
![Debian ](./_images/debian-logo.png)
`Debian` `GPL` **Debian Debian Project** **Debian ** `3000` `Software in the Public Interest` `Debian` `Unix` `Debian` `25,000` `12`
`Debian` `Linux` `Debian GNU/Linux` `GNU Hurd` `Debian GNU/Hurd` `FreeBSD` `Debian GNU/kFreeBSD` `NetBSD` `Debian GNU/NetBSD` `Debian` `OpenSolaris` `Nexenta OS` `Debian` `Linux` `Debian GNU/Linux`
`Linux` `Ubuntu``Knoppix` `Linspire` `Xandros` `Debian GNU/Linux`
### 使 Debian
使 `docker search` `Debian`
```bash
$ docker search debian
NAME DESCRIPTION STARS OFFICIAL AUTOMATED
debian Debian is... 1565 [OK]
neurodebian NeuroDebian... 26 [OK]
armbuild/debian port of debian 8 [OK]
...
```
`debian` `neurodebian`
使 `docker run` `Debian`
```bash
$ docker run -it debian bash
root@668e178d8d69:/# cat /etc/issue
Debian GNU/Linux 8
```
`Debian`
## Ubuntu
![Ubuntu ](./_images/ubuntu-logo.jpg)
`Ubuntu` `GNU/Linux` ubuntu`Ubuntu` `Ubuntu` `Debian` `GNOME/Unity` `Debian` 6 2 **Long Term SupportLTS** 3
### 使 Ubuntu
`Ubuntu` 使 `--filter=stars=10` `10`
```bash
$ docker search --filter=stars=10 ubuntu
NAME DESCRIPTION STARS OFFICIAL AUTOMATED
ubuntu Ubuntu is a Debian-based Linux operating sys… 10539 [OK]
dorowu/ubuntu-desktop-lxde-vnc Docker image to provide HTML5 VNC interface … 395 [OK]
rastasheep/ubuntu-sshd Dockerized SSH service, built on top of offi… 243 [OK]
consol/ubuntu-xfce-vnc Ubuntu container with "headless" VNC session… 210 [OK]
ubuntu-upstart Upstart is an event-based replacement for th… 105 [OK]
ansible/ubuntu14.04-ansible Ubuntu 14.04 LTS with ansible 98 [OK]
neurodebian NeuroDebian provides neuroscience research s… 64 [OK]
1and1internet/ubuntu-16-nginx-php-phpmyadmin-mysql-5 ubuntu-16-nginx-php-phpmyadmin-mysql-5 50 [OK]
ubuntu-debootstrap debootstrap --variant=minbase --components=m… 42 [OK]
nuagebec/ubuntu Simple always updated Ubuntu docker images w… 24 [OK]
i386/ubuntu Ubuntu is a Debian-based Linux operating sys… 19
1and1internet/ubuntu-16-apache-php-5.6 ubuntu-16-apache-php-5.6 14 [OK]
1and1internet/ubuntu-16-apache-php-7.0 ubuntu-16-apache-php-7.0 13 [OK]
eclipse/ubuntu_jdk8 Ubuntu, JDK8, Maven 3, git, curl, nmap, mc, … 12 [OK]
1and1internet/ubuntu-16-nginx-php-phpmyadmin-mariadb-10 ubuntu-16-nginx-php-phpmyadmin-mariadb-10 11 [OK]
```
使
`ubuntu:18.04` 使
使 `-ti` `bash` `ubuntu`
```bash
$ docker run -ti ubuntu:18.04 /bin/bash
root@7d93de07bf76:/# cat /etc/os-release
NAME="Ubuntu"
VERSION="18.04.1 LTS (Bionic Beaver)"
ID=ubuntu
ID_LIKE=debian
PRETTY_NAME="Ubuntu 18.04.1 LTS"
VERSION_ID="18.04"
HOME_URL="https://www.ubuntu.com/"
SUPPORT_URL="https://help.ubuntu.com/"
BUG_REPORT_URL="https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/"
PRIVACY_POLICY_URL="https://www.ubuntu.com/legal/terms-and-policies/privacy-policy"
VERSION_CODENAME=bionic
UBUNTU_CODENAME=bionic
```
使 `apt-get` `E: Unable to locate package`
```bash
root@7d93de07bf76:/# apt-get install curl
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
E: Unable to locate package curl
```
`apt-get` Docker `apt` `apt-get update` `apt-get`
```bash
root@7d93de07bf76:/# apt-get update
Get:1 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic InRelease [242 kB]
Get:2 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-security InRelease [88.7 kB]
Get:3 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-security/multiverse amd64 Packages [7348 B]
Get:4 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-security/universe amd64 Packages [823 kB]
Get:5 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-updates InRelease [88.7 kB]
Get:6 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-backports InRelease [74.6 kB]
Get:7 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic/universe amd64 Packages [11.3 MB]
Get:8 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-security/restricted amd64 Packages [31.0 kB]
Get:9 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-security/main amd64 Packages [835 kB]
Get:10 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic/restricted amd64 Packages [13.5 kB]
Get:11 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic/main amd64 Packages [1344 kB]
Get:12 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic/multiverse amd64 Packages [186 kB]
Get:13 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-updates/main amd64 Packages [1127 kB]
Get:14 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-updates/universe amd64 Packages [1350 kB]
Get:15 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-updates/multiverse amd64 Packages [11.4 kB]
Get:16 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-updates/restricted amd64 Packages [44.7 kB]
Get:17 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-backports/main amd64 Packages [2496 B]
Get:18 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-backports/universe amd64 Packages [4252 B]
Fetched 17.6 MB in 1min 25s (207 kB/s)
Reading package lists... Done
```
`curl`
```bash
root@7d93de07bf76:/# apt-get install curl
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
The following additional packages will be installed:
ca-certificates krb5-locales libasn1-8-heimdal libcurl4 libgssapi-krb5-2 libgssapi3-heimdal libhcrypto4-heimdal libheimbase1-heimdal libheimntlm0-heimdal libhx509-5-heimdal
libk5crypto3 libkeyutils1 libkrb5-26-heimdal libkrb5-3 libkrb5support0 libldap-2.4-2 libldap-common libnghttp2-14 libpsl5 libroken18-heimdal librtmp1 libsasl2-2 libsasl2-modules libsasl2-modules-db libsqlite3-0 libssl1.1 libwind0-heimdal openssl publicsuffix
...
root@7d93de07bf76:/# curl
curl: try 'curl --help' or 'curl --manual' for more information
```
`apache`
```bash
root@7d93de07bf76:/# apt-get install -y apache2
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
The following additional packages will be installed:
apache2-bin apache2-data apache2-utils file libapr1 libaprutil1 libaprutil1-dbd-sqlite3 libaprutil1-ldap libexpat1 libgdbm-compat4 libgdbm5 libicu60 liblua5.2-0 libmagic-mgc libmagic1 libperl5.26 libxml2 mime-support netbase perl perl-modules-5.26 ssl-cert xz-utils
...
```
`apache` 使 `curl` 访
```bash
root@7d93de07bf76:/# service apache2 start
* Starting web server apache2 AH00558: apache2: Could not reliably determine the server's fully qualified domain name, using 172.17.0.2. Set the 'ServerName' directive globally to suppress this message
*
root@7d93de07bf76:/# curl 127.0.0.1
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<!--
Modified from the Debian original for Ubuntu
Last updated: 2016-11-16
See: https://launchpad.net/bugs/1288690
-->
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8" />
<title>Apache2 Ubuntu Default Page: It works</title>
<style type="text/css" media="screen">
...
```
使 `-p` 访
##
* `Debian` https://www.debian.org/
* `Neuro Debian` http://neuro.debian.net/
* `Debian` https://github.com/Debian
* `Debian` https://hub.docker.com/_/debian/
* `Debian` https://github.com/tianon/docker-brew-debian/
* `Ubuntu` https://ubuntu.com
* `Ubuntu` https://github.com/ubuntu
* `Ubuntu` https://hub.docker.com/_/ubuntu/
* `Ubuntu` https://github.com/tianon/docker-brew-ubuntu-core