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115 lines
4.9 KiB
Markdown
115 lines
4.9 KiB
Markdown
## 私有仓库
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有时候使用 Docker Hub 这样的公共仓库可能不方便，用户可以创建一个本地仓库供私人使用。
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本节介绍如何使用本地仓库。
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`docker-registry` 是官方提供的工具，可以用于构建私有的镜像仓库。
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### 安装运行 docker-registry
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#### 容器运行
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在安装了 Docker 后，可以通过获取官方 registry 镜像来运行。
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```bash
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$ docker run -d -p 5000:5000 registry
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```
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这将使用官方的 registry 镜像来启动本地的私有仓库。
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用户可以通过指定参数来配置私有仓库位置，例如配置镜像存储到 Amazon S3 服务。
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```bash
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$ docker run \
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-e SETTINGS_FLAVOR=s3 \
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-e AWS_BUCKET=acme-docker \
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-e STORAGE_PATH=/registry \
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-e AWS_KEY=AKIAHSHB43HS3J92MXZ \
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-e AWS_SECRET=xdDowwlK7TJajV1Y7EoOZrmuPEJlHYcNP2k4j49T \
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-e SEARCH_BACKEND=sqlalchemy \
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-p 5000:5000 \
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registry
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````
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此外，还可以指定本地路径（如 `/home/user/registry-conf` ）下的配置文件。
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```bash
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$ docker run -d \
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-p 5000:5000 \
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-v /home/user/registry-conf:/registry-conf \
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-e DOCKER_REGISTRY_CONFIG=/registry-conf/config.yml \
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registry
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```
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默认情况下，仓库会被创建在容器的 `/var/lib/registry `（v1 中是`/tmp/registry`）下。可以通过 `-v` 参数来将镜像文件存放在本地的指定路径。
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例如下面的例子将上传的镜像放到 `/opt/data/registry` 目录。
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```bash
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$ docker run -d \
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-p 5000:5000 \
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-v /opt/data/registry:/var/lib/registry \
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registry
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```
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### 在私有仓库上传、下载、搜索镜像
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创建好私有仓库之后，就可以使用 `docker tag` 来标记一个镜像，然后推送它到仓库，别的机器上就可以下载下来了。例如私有仓库地址为 `192.168.7.26:5000`。
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先在本机查看已有的镜像。
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```bash
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$ docker images
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REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED VIRTUAL SIZE
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ubuntu latest ba5877dc9bec 6 weeks ago 192.7 MB
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ubuntu 14.04 ba5877dc9bec 6 weeks ago 192.7 MB
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```
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使用`docker tag` 将 `ba58` 这个镜像标记为 `192.168.7.26:5000/test`（格式为 `docker tag IMAGE[:TAG] [REGISTRYHOST/][USERNAME/]NAME[:TAG]`）。
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```bash
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$ docker tag ba58 192.168.7.26:5000/test
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root ~ # docker images
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REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED VIRTUAL SIZE
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ubuntu 14.04 ba5877dc9bec 6 weeks ago 192.7 MB
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ubuntu latest ba5877dc9bec 6 weeks ago 192.7 MB
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192.168.7.26:5000/test latest ba5877dc9bec 6 weeks ago 192.7 MB
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```
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使用 `docker push` 上传标记的镜像。
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```bash
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$ docker push 192.168.7.26:5000/test
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The push refers to a repository [192.168.7.26:5000/test] (len: 1)
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Sending image list
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Pushing repository 192.168.7.26:5000/test (1 tags)
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Image 511136ea3c5a already pushed, skipping
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Image 9bad880da3d2 already pushed, skipping
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Image 25f11f5fb0cb already pushed, skipping
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Image ebc34468f71d already pushed, skipping
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Image 2318d26665ef already pushed, skipping
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Image ba5877dc9bec already pushed, skipping
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Pushing tag for rev [ba5877dc9bec] on {http://192.168.7.26:5000/v1/repositories/test/tags/latest}
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```
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用 curl 查看仓库中的镜像。
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```bash
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$ curl http://192.168.7.26:5000/v1/search
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{"num_results": 7, "query": "", "results": [{"description": "", "name": "library/miaxis_j2ee"}, {"description": "", "name": "library/tomcat"}, {"description": "", "name": "library/ubuntu"}, {"description": "", "name": "library/ubuntu_office"}, {"description": "", "name": "library/desktop_ubu"}, {"description": "", "name": "dockerfile/ubuntu"}, {"description": "", "name": "library/test"}]}
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```
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这里可以看到 `{"description": "", "name": "library/test"}`，表明镜像已经被成功上传了。
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现在可以到另外一台机器去下载这个镜像。
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```bash
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$ docker pull 192.168.7.26:5000/test
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Pulling repository 192.168.7.26:5000/test
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ba5877dc9bec: Download complete
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511136ea3c5a: Download complete
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9bad880da3d2: Download complete
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25f11f5fb0cb: Download complete
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ebc34468f71d: Download complete
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2318d26665ef: Download complete
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$ docker images
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REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED VIRTUAL SIZE
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192.168.7.26:5000/test latest ba5877dc9bec 6 weeks ago 192.7 MB
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```
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可以使用 `docker-compose push` 批量上传本地的镜像到私有 Docker 仓库，这里以 `127.0.0.1:5000` 为例：
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编写 `docker-compose.yml` 文件
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```yaml
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version: "3.4"
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services:
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ubuntu:
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image: 127.0.0.1:5000/ubuntu:latest
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centos:
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image: 127.0.0.1:5000/centos:centos7
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```
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在该文件路径下执行 `docker-compose push` 即可将上面的两个镜像上传到私有仓库中。
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