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108 lines
2.4 KiB
Go
108 lines
2.4 KiB
Go
# Prometheus + Grafana
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[Prometheus](https://prometheus.io/) 是一个开源的系统监控和报警工具包。它受 Google Borgmon 的启发，由 SoundCloud 在 2012 年创建。
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## 架构简介
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Prometheus 的主要组件包括：
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* **Prometheus Server**: 核心组件，负责收集和存储时间序列数据。
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* **Exporters**: 负责向 Prometheus 暴露监控数据（如 Node Exporter, cAdvisor）。
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* **Alertmanager**: 处理报警发送。
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* **Pushgateway**: 用于支持短生命周期的 Job 推送数据。
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## 快速部署
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我们可以使用 Docker Compose 快速部署一套 Prometheus + Grafana 监控环境。
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### 1. 准备配置文件
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创建 `prometheus.yml`:
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```yaml
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global:
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scrape_interval: 15s
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scrape_configs:
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- job_name: 'prometheus'
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static_configs:
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- targets: ['localhost:9090']
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- job_name: 'node-exporter'
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static_configs:
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- targets: ['node-exporter:9100']
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- job_name: 'cadvisor'
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static_configs:
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- targets: ['cadvisor:8080']
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```
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### 2. 编写 Docker Compose 文件
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创建 `docker-compose.yml`:
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```yaml
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version: '3.8'
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services:
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prometheus:
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image: prom/prometheus:latest
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volumes:
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- ./prometheus.yml:/etc/prometheus/prometheus.yml
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ports:
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- "9090:9090"
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networks:
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- monitoring
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grafana:
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image: grafana/grafana:latest
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ports:
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- "3000:3000"
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environment:
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- GF_SECURITY_ADMIN_PASSWORD=admin
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networks:
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- monitoring
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depends_on:
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- prometheus
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node-exporter:
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image: prom/node-exporter:latest
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ports:
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- "9100:9100"
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networks:
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- monitoring
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cadvisor:
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image: gcr.io/cadvisor/cadvisor:latest
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ports:
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- "8080:8080"
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volumes:
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- /:/rootfs:ro
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- /var/run:/var/run:ro
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- /sys:/sys:ro
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- /var/lib/docker/:/var/lib/docker:ro
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networks:
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- monitoring
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networks:
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monitoring:
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```
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### 3. 启动服务
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```bash
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$ docker-compose up -d
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```
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启动后，访问以下地址：
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* Prometheus: `http://localhost:9090`
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* Grafana: `http://localhost:3000` (默认账号密码: admin/admin)
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## 配置 Grafana 面板
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1. 在 Grafana 中添加 Prometheus 数据源，URL 填写 `http://prometheus:9090`。
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2. 导入现成的 Dashboard 模板，例如 [Node Exporter Full](https://grafana.com/grafana/dashboards/1860) (ID: 1860) 和 [Docker Container](https://grafana.com/grafana/dashboards/193) (ID: 193)。
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这样，你就拥有了一个直观的容器监控大屏。
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