Add Python code (Chapter of searching)

to the docs.
This commit is contained in:
Yudong Jin 2022-12-04 01:43:58 +08:00
parent e5563b3964
commit 8e34be0641
6 changed files with 106 additions and 51 deletions

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@ -13,14 +13,14 @@ def binary_search(nums, target):
# 初始化双闭区间 [0, n-1] ,即 i, j 分别指向数组首元素、尾元素 # 初始化双闭区间 [0, n-1] ,即 i, j 分别指向数组首元素、尾元素
i, j = 0, len(nums) - 1 i, j = 0, len(nums) - 1
while i <= j: while i <= j:
m = (i + j) // 2 # 计算中点索引 m m = (i + j) // 2 # 计算中点索引 m
if nums[m] < target: # 此情况说明 target 在区间 [m+1, j] 中 if nums[m] < target: # 此情况说明 target 在区间 [m+1, j] 中
i = m + 1 i = m + 1
elif nums[m] > target: # 此情况说明 target 在区间 [i, m-1] 中 elif nums[m] > target: # 此情况说明 target 在区间 [i, m-1] 中
j = m - 1 j = m - 1
else: else:
return m # 找到目标元素,返回其索引 return m # 找到目标元素,返回其索引
return -1 # 未找到目标元素,返回 -1 return -1 # 未找到目标元素,返回 -1
""" 二分查找(左闭右开) """ """ 二分查找(左闭右开) """
@ -29,16 +29,17 @@ def binary_search1(nums, target):
i, j = 0, len(nums) i, j = 0, len(nums)
# 循环,当搜索区间为空时跳出(当 i = j 时为空) # 循环,当搜索区间为空时跳出(当 i = j 时为空)
while i < j: while i < j:
m = (i + j) // 2 # 计算中点索引 m m = (i + j) // 2 # 计算中点索引 m
if nums[m] < target: # 此情况说明 target 在区间 [m+1, j) 中 if nums[m] < target: # 此情况说明 target 在区间 [m+1, j) 中
i = m + 1 i = m + 1
elif nums[m] > target: # 此情况说明 target 在区间 [i, m) 中 elif nums[m] > target: # 此情况说明 target 在区间 [i, m) 中
j = m j = m
else: # 找到目标元素,返回其索引 else: # 找到目标元素,返回其索引
return m return m
return -1 # 未找到目标元素,返回 -1 return -1 # 未找到目标元素,返回 -1
""" Driver Code """
if __name__ == '__main__': if __name__ == '__main__':
target = 6 target = 6
nums = [1, 3, 6, 8, 12, 15, 23, 67, 70, 92] nums = [1, 3, 6, 8, 12, 15, 23, 67, 70, 92]
@ -46,6 +47,7 @@ if __name__ == '__main__':
# 二分查找(双闭区间) # 二分查找(双闭区间)
index = binary_search(nums, target) index = binary_search(nums, target)
print("目标元素 6 的索引 = ", index) print("目标元素 6 的索引 = ", index)
# 二分查找(左闭右开) # 二分查找(左闭右开)
index = binary_search1(nums, target) index = binary_search1(nums, target)
print("目标元素 6 的索引 = ", index) print("目标元素 6 的索引 = ", index)

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@ -9,33 +9,37 @@ sys.path.append(osp.dirname(osp.dirname(osp.abspath(__file__))))
from include import * from include import *
""" 哈希查找(数组) """ """ 哈希查找(数组) """
def hashing_search(map,target): def hashing_search(mapp, target):
# 哈希表的 key: 目标元素value: 索引 # 哈希表的 key: 目标元素value: 索引
# 若哈希表中无此 key ,返回 -1 # 若哈希表中无此 key ,返回 -1
return map.get(target,-1) return mapp.get(target, -1)
""" 哈希查找(链表) """ """ 哈希查找(链表) """
def hashing_search1(map,target): def hashing_search1(mapp, target):
# 哈希表的 key: 目标元素value: 点对象 # 哈希表的 key: 目标元素value: 点对象
# 若哈希表中无此 key ,返回 -1 # 若哈希表中无此 key ,返回 -1
return map.get(target,-1) return mapp.get(target, -1)
if __name__=='__main__':
target=3 """ Driver Code """
if __name__ == '__main__':
target = 3
# 哈希查找(数组) # 哈希查找(数组)
nums=[1, 5, 3, 2, 4, 7, 5, 9, 10, 8] nums = [1, 5, 3, 2, 4, 7, 5, 9, 10, 8]
map=dict() # 初始化哈希表 # 初始化哈希表
mapp = {}
for i in range(len(nums)): for i in range(len(nums)):
map[nums[i]]=i # key: 元素value: 索引 mapp[nums[i]] = i # key: 元素value: 索引
index=hashing_search(map,target) index = hashing_search(mapp, target)
print("目标元素 3 的索引 = " ,index) print("目标元素 3 的索引 =", index)
# 哈希查找(链表) # 哈希查找(链表)
head=list_to_linked_list(nums) head = list_to_linked_list(nums)
map1=dict() # 初始化哈希表 # 初始化哈希表
map1 = {}
while head: while head:
map1[head.val]=head # key: 结点值value: 结点 map1[head.val] = head # key: 结点值value: 结点
head=head.next head = head.next
node = hashing_search1(map1, target)
node=hashing_search1(map1,target) print("目标结点值 3 的对应结点对象为", node)
print("目标结点值 3 的对应结点对象为 " , node)

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@ -9,30 +9,33 @@ sys.path.append(osp.dirname(osp.dirname(osp.abspath(__file__))))
from include import * from include import *
""" 线性查找(数组) """ """ 线性查找(数组) """
def linear_search(nums,target): def linear_search(nums, target):
# 遍历数组 # 遍历数组
for i in range(len(nums)): for i in range(len(nums)):
if nums[i]==target: # 找到目标元素,返回其索引 if nums[i] == target: # 找到目标元素,返回其索引
return i return i
return -1 # 未找到目标元素,返回 -1 return -1 # 未找到目标元素,返回 -1
""" 线性查找(链表) """ """ 线性查找(链表) """
def linear_search_by_link(head,target): def linear_search1(head, target):
# 遍历链表 # 遍历链表
while head: while head:
if head.val==target: # 找到目标结点,返回之 if head.val == target: # 找到目标结点,返回之
return head return head
head=head.next head = head.next
return None # 未找到目标结点,返回 None (Python为None) return None # 未找到目标结点,返回 None
if __name__=='__main__':
target=3 """ Driver Code """
if __name__ == '__main__':
target = 3
# 在数组中执行线性查找 # 在数组中执行线性查找
nums=[1, 5, 3, 2, 4, 7, 5, 9, 10, 8] nums = [1, 5, 3, 2, 4, 7, 5, 9, 10, 8]
index=linear_search(nums,target) index = linear_search(nums, target)
print("目标元素 3 的索引 = " ,index) print("目标元素 3 的索引 =", index)
# 在链表中执行线性查找 # 在链表中执行线性查找
head=list_to_linked_list(nums) head = list_to_linked_list(nums)
node=linear_search_by_link(head,target) node = linear_search1(head, target)
print("目标结点值 3 的对应结点对象为 " ,node) print("目标结点值 3 的对应结点对象为", node)

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@ -105,7 +105,19 @@ $$
=== "Python" === "Python"
```python title="binary_search.py" ```python title="binary_search.py"
""" 二分查找(双闭区间) """
def binary_search(nums, target):
# 初始化双闭区间 [0, n-1] ,即 i, j 分别指向数组首元素、尾元素
i, j = 0, len(nums) - 1
while i <= j:
m = (i + j) // 2 # 计算中点索引 m
if nums[m] < target: # 此情况说明 target 在区间 [m+1, j]
i = m + 1
elif nums[m] > target: # 此情况说明 target 在区间 [i, m-1] 中
j = m - 1
else:
return m # 找到目标元素,返回其索引
return -1 # 未找到目标元素,返回 -1
``` ```
=== "Go" === "Go"
@ -189,7 +201,20 @@ $$
=== "Python" === "Python"
```python title="binary_search.py" ```python title="binary_search.py"
""" 二分查找(左闭右开) """
def binary_search1(nums, target):
# 初始化左闭右开 [0, n) ,即 i, j 分别指向数组首元素、尾元素+1
i, j = 0, len(nums)
# 循环,当搜索区间为空时跳出(当 i = j 时为空)
while i < j:
m = (i + j) // 2 # 计算中点索引 m
if nums[m] < target: # 此情况说明 target 在区间 [m+1, j)
i = m + 1
elif nums[m] > target: # 此情况说明 target 在区间 [i, m) 中
j = m
else: # 找到目标元素,返回其索引
return m
return -1 # 未找到目标元素,返回 -1
``` ```
=== "Go" === "Go"
@ -262,8 +287,8 @@ $$
=== "Python" === "Python"
```py title="" ```py title=""
# Python 中的数字理论上可以无限大(取决于内存) # Python 中的数字理论上可以无限大(取决于内存大小
# 因此无需考虑大数越界问题 # 因此无需考虑大数越界问题
``` ```
=== "Go" === "Go"

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@ -43,7 +43,11 @@ comments: true
=== "Python" === "Python"
```python title="hashing_search.py" ```python title="hashing_search.py"
""" 哈希查找(数组) """
def hashing_search(mapp, target):
# 哈希表的 key: 目标元素value: 索引
# 若哈希表中无此 key ,返回 -1
return mapp.get(target, -1)
``` ```
=== "Go" === "Go"
@ -107,7 +111,11 @@ comments: true
=== "Python" === "Python"
```python title="hashing_search.py" ```python title="hashing_search.py"
""" 哈希查找(链表) """
def hashing_search1(mapp, target):
# 哈希表的 key: 目标元素value: 结点对象
# 若哈希表中无此 key ,返回 -1
return mapp.get(target, -1)
``` ```
=== "Go" === "Go"

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@ -47,7 +47,13 @@ comments: true
=== "Python" === "Python"
```python title="linear_search.py" ```python title="linear_search.py"
""" 线性查找(数组) """
def linear_search(nums, target):
# 遍历数组
for i in range(len(nums)):
if nums[i] == target: # 找到目标元素,返回其索引
return i
return -1 # 未找到目标元素,返回 -1
``` ```
=== "Go" === "Go"
@ -119,7 +125,14 @@ comments: true
=== "Python" === "Python"
```python title="linear_search.py" ```python title="linear_search.py"
""" 线性查找(链表) """
def linear_search1(head, target):
# 遍历链表
while head:
if head.val == target: # 找到目标结点,返回之
return head
head = head.next
return None # 未找到目标结点,返回 None
``` ```
=== "Go" === "Go"