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Merge c5b6566f4e

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Yudong Jin 2022-12-12 03:22:40 +08:00
parent b328d1aee4
commit a58235cef9
2 changed files with 194 additions and 9 deletions
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76
docs/chapter_array_and_linkedlist/linked_list.md
View File

@ -63,7 +63,15 @@ comments: true
=== "TypeScript"
```typescript title=""
/* 链表结点结构体 */
class ListNode {
val: number;
next: ListNode | null;
constructor(val?: number, next?: ListNode | null) {
this.val = val === undefined ? 0 : val; // 结点值
this.next = next === undefined ? null : next; // 指向下一结点的引用
}
}
```
=== "C"
@ -152,7 +160,18 @@ comments: true
=== "TypeScript"
```typescript title=""
/* 初始化链表 1 -> 3 -> 2 -> 5 -> 4 */
// 初始化各个结点
const n0 = new ListNode(1);
const n1 = new ListNode(3);
const n2 = new ListNode(2);
const n3 = new ListNode(5);
const n4 = new ListNode(4);
// 构建引用指向
n0.next = n1;
n1.next = n2;
n2.next = n3;
n3.next = n4;
```
=== "C"
@ -251,7 +270,22 @@ comments: true
=== "TypeScript"
```typescript title=""
/* 在链表的结点 n0 之后插入结点 P */
function insert(n0: ListNode, P: ListNode): void {
const n1 = n0.next;
n0.next = P;
P.next = n1;
}
/* 删除链表的结点 n0 之后的首个结点 */
function remove(n0: ListNode): void {
if (!n0.next) {
return;
}
// n0 -> P -> n1
const P = n0.next;
const n1 = P.next;
n0.next = n1;
}
```
=== "C"
@ -325,7 +359,16 @@ comments: true
=== "TypeScript"
```typescript title=""
/* 访问链表中索引为 index 的结点 */
function access(head: ListNode | null, index: number): ListNode | null {
for (let i = 0; i < index; i++) {
if (!head) {
return null;
}
head = head.next;
}
return head;
}
```
=== "C"
@ -407,7 +450,18 @@ comments: true
=== "TypeScript"
```typescript title=""
/* 在链表中查找值为 target 的首个结点 */
function find(head: ListNode | null, target: number): number {
let index = 0;
while (head !== null) {
if (head.val === target) {
return index;
}
head = head.next;
index += 1;
}
return -1;
}
```
=== "C"
@ -480,7 +534,17 @@ comments: true
=== "TypeScript"
```typescript title=""
/* 双向链表结点类 */
class ListNode {
val: number;
next: ListNode | null;
prev: ListNode | null;
constructor(val?: number, next?: ListNode | null) {
this.val = val === undefined ? 0 : val; // 结点值
this.next = next === undefined ? null : next; // 指向后继结点的引用
this.prev = prev === undefined ? null : prev; // 指向前驱结点的引用
}
}
```
=== "C"

127
docs/chapter_array_and_linkedlist/list.md
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@ -50,7 +50,8 @@ comments: true
=== "TypeScript"
```typescript title="list.ts"
/* 初始化列表 */
const list: number[] = [1, 3, 2, 5, 4];
```
=== "C"
@ -112,7 +113,11 @@ comments: true
=== "TypeScript"
```typescript title="list.ts"
/* 访问元素 */
const num: number = list[1];
/* 更新元素 */
list[1] = 0;
```
=== "C"
@ -204,7 +209,21 @@ comments: true
=== "TypeScript"
```typescript title="list.ts"
/* 清空列表 */
list.length = 0;
/* 尾部添加元素 */
list.push(1);
list.push(3);
list.push(2);
list.push(5);
list.push(4);
/* 中间插入元素 */
list.splice(3, 0, 6);
/* 删除元素 */
list.splice(3, 1);
```
=== "C"
@ -282,7 +301,17 @@ comments: true
=== "TypeScript"
```typescript title="list.ts"
/* 通过索引遍历列表 */
let count = 0;
for (let i = 0; i < list.length; i++) {
count++;
}
/* 直接遍历列表元素 */
count = 0;
for (const n of list) {
count++;
}
```
=== "C"
@ -339,7 +368,9 @@ comments: true
=== "TypeScript"
```typescript title="list.ts"
/* 拼接两个列表 */
const list1: number[] = [6, 8, 7, 10, 9];
list.push(...list1);
```
=== "C"
@ -392,7 +423,8 @@ comments: true
=== "TypeScript"
```typescript title="list.ts"
/* 排序列表 */
list.sort((a, b) => a - b); // 排序后，列表元素从小到大排列
```
=== "C"
@ -687,7 +719,96 @@ comments: true
=== "TypeScript"
```typescript title="my_list.ts"
/* 列表类简易实现 */
class MyList {
private nums: Array<number>; // 数组（存储列表元素）
private _capacity: number = 10; // 列表容量
private _size: number = 0; // 列表长度（即当前元素数量）
private extendRatio: number = 2; // 每次列表扩容的倍数
/* 构造函数 */
constructor() {
this.nums = new Array(this._capacity);
}
/* 获取列表长度（即当前元素数量）*/
public size(): number {
return this._size;
}
/* 获取列表容量 */
public capacity(): number {
return this._capacity;
}
/* 访问元素 */
public get(index: number): number {
// 索引如果越界则抛出异常，下同
if (index >= this._size) {
throw new Error('索引越界');
}
return this.nums[index];
}
/* 更新元素 */
public set(index: number, num: number): void {
if (index >= this._size) throw new Error('索引越界');
this.nums[index] = num;
}
/* 尾部添加元素 */
public add(num: number): void {
// 如果长度等于容量，则需要扩容
if (this._size === this._capacity) {
this.extendCapacity();
}
// 将新元素添加到列表尾部
this.nums[this._size] = num;
this._size++;
}
/* 中间插入元素 */
public insert(index: number, num: number): void {
if (index >= this._size) {
throw new Error('索引越界');
}
// 元素数量超出容量时，触发扩容机制
if (this._size === this._capacity) {
this.extendCapacity();
}
// 将索引 index 以及之后的元素都向后移动一位
for (let j = this._size - 1; j >= index; j--) {
this.nums[j + 1] = this.nums[j];
}
// 更新元素数量
this.nums[index] = num;
this._size++;
}
/* 删除元素 */
public remove(index: number): number {
if (index >= this._size) throw new Error('索引越界');
let num = this.nums[index];
// 将索引 index 之后的元素都向前移动一位
for (let j = index; j < this._size - 1; j++) {
this.nums[j] = this.nums[j + 1];
}
// 更新元素数量
this._size--;
// 返回被删除元素
return num;
}
/* 列表扩容 */
public extendCapacity(): void {
// 新建一个长度为 size 的数组，并将原数组拷贝到新数组
this.nums = this.nums.concat(
new Array(this.capacity() * (this.extendRatio - 1))
);
// 更新列表容量
this._capacity = this.nums.length;
}
}
```
=== "C"