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[issue-518] Add document on how to use HTTP/HTTPS proxy
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* [自定义网桥](advanced_network/bridge.md)
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* [工具和示例](advanced_network/example.md)
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* [编辑网络配置文件](advanced_network/config_file.md)
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* [配置 HTTP/HTTPS 网络代理](advanced_network/http_https_proxy.md)
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* [实例:创建一个点到点连接](advanced_network/ptp.md)
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* [Docker Buildx](buildx/README.md)
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* [BuildKit](buildx/buildkit.md)
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advanced_network/http_https_proxy.md
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advanced_network/http_https_proxy.md
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# 配置 HTTP/HTTPS 网络代理
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使用Docker的过程中,因为网络原因,通常需要使用 HTTP/HTTPS 代理来加速镜像拉取、构建和使用。下面是常见的三种场景。
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## 为 dockerd 设置网络代理
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"docker pull" 命令是由 dockerd 守护进程执行。而 dockerd 守护进程是由 systemd 管理。因此,如果需要在执行 "docker pull" 命令时使用 HTTP/HTTPS 代理,需要通过 systemd 配置。
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- 为 dockerd 创建配置文件夹。
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```
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sudo mkdir -p /etc/systemd/system/docker.service.d
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```
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- 为 dockerd 创建 HTTP/HTTPS 网络代理的配置文件,文件路径是 /etc/systemd/system/docker.service.d/http-proxy.conf 。并在该文件中添加相关环境变量。
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```
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[Service]
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Environment="HTTP_PROXY=http://proxy.example.com:8080/"
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Environment="HTTPS_PROXY=http://proxy.example.com:8080/"
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Environment="NO_PROXY=localhost,127.0.0.1,.example.com"
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```
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- 刷新配置并重启 docker 服务。
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```
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sudo systemctl daemon-reload
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sudo systemctl restart docker
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```
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## 为 docker 容器设置网络代理
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在容器运行阶段,如果需要使用 HTTP/HTTPS 代理,可以通过更改 docker 客户端配置,或者指定环境变量的方式。
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- 更改 docker 客户端配置:创建或更改 ~/.docker/config.json,并在该文件中添加相关配置。
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```
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{
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"proxies":
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{
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"default":
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{
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"httpProxy": "http://proxy.example.com:8080/",
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"httpsProxy": "http://proxy.example.com:8080/",
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"noProxy": "localhost,127.0.0.1,.example.com"
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}
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}
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}
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```
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- 指定环境变量:运行 "docker run" 命令时,指定相关环境变量。
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| 环境变量 | docker run 示例 |
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| -------- | ---------------- |
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| HTTP_PROXY | --env HTTP_PROXY="http://proxy.example.com:8080/" |
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| HTTPS_PROXY | --env HTTPS_PROXY="http://proxy.example.com:8080/" |
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| NO_PROXY | --env NO_PROXY="localhost,127.0.0.1,.example.com" |
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## 为 docker build 过程设置网络代理
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在容器构建阶段,如果需要使用 HTTP/HTTPS 代理,可以通过指定 "docker build" 的环境变量,或者在 Dockerfile 中指定环境变量的方式。
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- 使用 "--build-arg" 指定 "docker build" 的相关环境变量
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```
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docker build \
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--build-arg "HTTP_PROXY=http://proxy.example.com:8080/" \
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--build-arg "HTTPS_PROXY=http://proxy.example.com:8080/" \
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--build-arg "NO_PROXY=localhost,127.0.0.1,.example.com" .
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```
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- 在 Dockerfile 中指定相关环境变量
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| 环境变量 | Dockerfile 示例 |
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| -------- | ---------------- |
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| HTTP_PROXY | ENV HTTP_PROXY="http://proxy.example.com:8080/" |
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| HTTPS_PROXY | ENV HTTPS_PROXY="http://proxy.example.com:8080/" |
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| NO_PROXY | ENV NO_PROXY="localhost,127.0.0.1,.example.com" |
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